Organized Crime in Brazil Earned $58 Billion in 2022, Driven by Cybercrime and Contraband

A report from the Brazilian Public Security Forum (FBSP), released on February 13, 2025, reveals that organized crime in Brazil generated an astonishing R$ 347.8 billion ($58 billion) in revenue during 2022.

This figure highlights a shift in criminal operations, with cybercrime and contraband surpassing traditional drug trafficking as the primary sources of illicit income. Cybercrime alone accounted for R$ 186 billion ($31 billion), making it the most lucrative sector for organized crime.

Activities such as digital fraud, identity theft, and ransomware attacks have flourished as criminals exploit technological vulnerabilities. The scale of these crimes underscores the growing sophistication of criminal networks in Brazil.

Contraband markets followed closely, generating R$ 146.8 billion ($24 billion). Among these, the illegal fuel trade stood out, with 13 billion liters sold annually without taxation.

This activity deprived the government of R$ 23 billion ($4 billion) in tax revenue while earning criminal groups R$ 61.5 billion ($10 billion). The contraband beverage market added another R$ 56.9 billion ($9 billion), driven by counterfeit alcohol sales.

Illegal gold mining contributed R$ 18.2 billion ($3 billion) to criminal revenues, much of it exported under fraudulent certifications. Meanwhile, cigarette smuggling brought in R$ 10.3 billion ($2 billion), representing a staggering 40% of the national market.

Shifting Dynamics in Brazil’s Criminal Landscape

In contrast, cocaine trafficking—a historically dominant source of income for Brazilian criminal organizations—generated only R$ 15 billion ($3 billion) in 2022.

This tenfold difference compared to contraband markets illustrates a strategic pivot by groups like the Primeiro Comando da Capital (PCC) toward less risky and more profitable ventures.

This diversification poses significant challenges for authorities. Criminal organizations exploit weak governance and limited state presence in border regions and urban peripheries to expand their operations.

Corruption within public institutions further complicates enforcement efforts. The report emphasizes the urgent need for innovative countermeasures. Recommendations include adopting blockchain technology to track goods, enhancing cybersecurity infrastructure, and improving financial intelligence capabilities.

These steps are crucial to combat money laundering. Organized crime’s shift toward cybercrime and contraband reflects its adaptability and growing influence across Brazil’s economy and society.

These activities not only erode public finances but also fuel cycles of violence and corruption, demanding coordinated action from government authorities and international partners alike.