Chad Is Leaving the International Criminal Court as Trump Urges All to Quit
Key Facts
- The country. Chad is a landlocked Central African state of about 21 million people. Its economy, about US$21 billion, is under half the size of Vermont’s, and it lives largely off oil.
- Why it matters. The International Criminal Court (ICC) in The Hague tries individuals for genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity. It has 125 member states; the United States has never joined.
- Why now. At the UN General Assembly on 22 September, Donald Trump urged every member to quit the court immediately. Only Naoero, the Pacific island formerly called Nauru, said it would follow.
- What happened. On 27 July 2026 Chad said it had notified the UN of its exit. A US official had asked it to reconsider four days earlier.
- Who is involved. President Mahamat Idriss Déby, who took power with army backing in 2021. On the other side, a US campaign launched in July to weaken the court.
- What it means for you. Nothing changes on the ground before mid-2027. Chad is moving closer to Washington, but loses one outside check on serious abuses.
- Still open. Whether the US offered Chad anything in return. Also whether Washington will sanction the court itself, as US media reported it plans to.
Chad’s ICC withdrawal, announced in July after a request from Washington, drew little notice at the time. Then on 22 September Donald Trump told the United Nations that every member should quit the court.
Chad is a poor oil-producing country of about 21 million people, south of Libya. It is one of several states leaving the International Criminal Court.
The court, based in The Hague, is the world’s permanent tribunal for genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity.
Trump called the court “a rogue institution” and “an evil group of people” in his UN speech in New York. Only Naoero, a Pacific island state of about 12,000 people, said on the spot that it would leave.
What Chad actually did
On Monday 27 July 2026 Chad’s foreign ministry said it had notified UN Secretary-General António Guterres of its exit. It is leaving the Rome Statute, the treaty behind the court.
The ministry said the court’s effectiveness had “remained limited and uneven”. It noted that nine of the 13 investigations the court has opened concern African states.
A withdrawal only takes effect one year after the UN receives the notice. Chad therefore stays a member, with full duties to cooperate, until about late July 2027.
The court has no investigation centred on Chad. The move is therefore political rather than a shield against a pending case.
The phone call from Washington
Chad’s own foreign ministry disclosed the US role.
It said a senior State Department official for Africa phoned Foreign Minister Abdoulaye Sabre Fadoul on Thursday 23 July. The call was made at Washington’s request.
“The American side expressed its concerns about the functioning of this institution,” the statement said. It added that the US “called on Chad to review its accession”.
The State Department’s Africa bureau then welcomed the decision. It called on “all other ICC members to withdraw from the Rome Statute.”
Washington’s campaign against the court
US hostility grew after the court issued arrest warrants in 2024 for Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and his former defence minister. In July 2026 Secretary of State Marco Rubio vowed to dismantle the court “brick by brick”.
Washington has already sanctioned more than a dozen ICC judges and prosecutors. In August it added the court’s president, Tomoko Akane, and senior trial lawyer Abdoulaye Seye.
On 20 and 21 September The Wall Street Journal and Reuters reported that sanctions against the court as a whole were ready. They would bar most transactions with it after a grace period of six to seven months.
As of 27 September no such sanctions had been announced. Trump’s speech on 22 September then took the campaign to the floor of the General Assembly.
Who is leaving, and who is pushing back
Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger, three neighbouring states run by military governments, first announced their exit in September 2025. They lodged the formal paperwork in mid-2026, calling the court a tool of neocolonial pressure.
Venezuela announced its withdrawal in late July, days before Chad. Hungary announced an exit in 2025 but reversed it in May 2026, before it took effect.
Most members pushed back after Trump’s speech.
Germany’s foreign minister said Berlin would “of course” not leave. European Council president António Costa said the EU stands “firmly behind” the court.
The Netherlands, which hosts the court, asked the European Commission to prepare legal shields against US sanctions. Namibia confirmed in September that Washington had contacted it, but it remains a member.
Why Chad matters in this story
Chad has long been a Western security partner in the Sahel, the dry belt south of the Sahara. It ended its defence pact with France in late 2024, and French troops left in early 2025.
Its oil, piped to the coast through Cameroon, keeps the economy afloat. Déby took power with army backing when his father was killed in 2021, and won a presidential election in 2024.
That history gives the timing of Chad’s ICC withdrawal an obvious question. What, if anything, did Chad ask for or receive from Washington in return?
Neither government has said. Leaving the court also removes one layer of outside scrutiny for a government often criticised by human-rights groups.
What this means for expats and investors
For foreigners in Chad, mostly aid workers, diplomats and oil-industry staff, little changes before the exit takes effect in 2027. Chad remains bound by the treaty until then.
The signal matters more. N’Djamena is aligning openly with Washington, which could bring closer security ties and more US commercial interest.
At the same time, quitting the court removes a form of international accountability. Governance and human-rights groups will read that as a negative marker for the rule of law.
What Is Not Known
It is not known what, if anything, the United States offered Chad in connection with the decision. Neither side has described any deal.
It is also unclear whether more countries will answer Trump’s call. The sanctions reportedly prepared against the court as an institution could still be announced, delayed or dropped.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the International Criminal Court?
It is a permanent court in The Hague, created in 2002, that tries individuals for genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity. It has 125 member states, and the United States has never joined.
Why is Chad leaving the court?
Chad said the court’s effectiveness was limited and uneven and that it focused too much on Africa. Its foreign ministry also said a senior US official had asked it to review its membership four days before the announcement.
When does Chad’s ICC withdrawal take effect?
A withdrawal takes effect one year after the UN receives the formal notice. Chad said on 27 July 2026 that it had sent that notice, so the exit should take effect in late July 2027.
Did any country follow Trump’s call to quit?
During the UN General Assembly only Naoero, the Pacific island state formerly known as Nauru, said it would leave. Most members, including Germany and the European Union, publicly defended the court.
Sources
UPI — Chad announces withdrawal from International Criminal Court (28 July 2026) · AFP and Reuters via Al Jazeera — Chad to join raft of withdrawals from International Criminal Court (27 July 2026) · Newsmax Wires — Trump targets ICC at UN, demands member nations quit ‘rogue’ court (22 September 2026) · Reuters — Trump tells countries to quit ICC. Few follow his lead (24 September 2026) · TIME — ‘Hands off!’: European leaders reject Trump’s call to quit the ICC (25 September 2026) · Anadolu — Naoero president tells UN General Assembly country will withdraw from ICC (23 September 2026) · Al Jazeera — Trump administration readies sweeping sanctions against ICC, reports say (21 September 2026) · Middle East Eye — Rubio says US will dismantle ICC ‘brick by brick’ (13 July 2026) · Anadolu — Netherlands asks EU to prepare ‘blocking statute’ to protect ICC (23 September 2026) · ICC — The ICC welcomes the decision of Hungary to remain a State Party to the Rome Statute (1 June 2026) · World Bank — Chad population and GDP data (2025)
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