IBOV 171,347.61 ▼ 0.52% IPC MEX 71,866.30 ▲ 0.66% MERVAL 2,848,945 — — USD/BRL5.59▲ 1.51% USD/MXN18.67▲ 0.72% USD/CLP984.24▲ 1.76% USD/COP3,300▲ 5.77% USD/PEN3.41▲ 0.04% USD/ARS1,545▼ 0.03% USD/UYU40.43▲ 3.52% USD/PYG6,196▲ 1.99% USD/BOB11.68▲ 0.19% USD/DOP60.46▲ 2.41% USD/CRC445.62▲ 1.24% USD/GTQ7.64▲ 2.97% USD/HNL26.89▲ 3.05% USD/NIO36.62▲ 2.53% USD/VES897.02▼ 0.13% USD/PAB1.00— 0.00% USD/BZD2.00— 0.00% USD/JMD157.69▲ 2.36% USD/TTD6.72▲ 2.10% EUR/BRL6.24▲ 1.76% BRENT 91.99 ▼ 0.63% WTI 86.44 ▼ 0.47% IRON ORE 161.91 — — COPPER 6.24 ▼ 1.46% GOLD 4,027 ▼ 2.13% SILVER 51.24 ▼ 2.52% SOY 1,226 ▲ 3.70% CORN 452.25 ▲ 2.96% WHEAT 595.50 ▲ 1.28% COFFEE 266.00 ▼ 2.78% SUGAR 18.11 ▼ 0.55% ORANGE JUICE 146.10 ▲ 5.60% COTTON 78.28 ▼ 0.63% COCOA 4,852 ▼ 3.04% BEEF 222.73 ▲ 3.02% CATTLE 327.08 ▼ 0.39% LITHIUM 59.76 ▼ 2.59% PETR4 45.20 ▲ 0.02% VALE3 64.95 ▼ 1.75% ITUB4 41.28 ▼ 1.05% BBDC4 14.37 ▼ 2.11% ABEV3 15.68 ▲ 0.45% BBAS3 16.85 ▼ 1.00% B3SA3 14.44 ▼ 2.76% WEGE3 50.72 ▼ 0.04% PRIO3 59.49 ▲ 0.17% SUZB3 54.84 ▲ 1.18% RENT3 29.82 ▼ 3.28% AZZA3 14.61 ▼ 3.37% CSAN3 2.67 ▼ 3.61% RAIZ4 24.40 ▼ 12.86% PCAR3 2.40 ▼ 1.23% GMAT3 3.79 ▼ 1.04% PSSA3 46.12 ▲ 1.03% CVCB3 0.86 ▼ 1.15% POSI3 2.98 ▼ 1.65% SLCE3 16.98 ▼ 1.85% NATU3 5.57 ▼ 2.45% BRKM5 2.97 ▼ 1.66% RANI3 8.38 ▼ 4.34% CSNA3 4.45 ▼ 0.89% IBOV 171,347.61 ▼ 0.52% IPC MEX 71,866.30 ▲ 0.66% MERVAL 2,848,945 — — USD/BRL 5.59 ▲ 1.42% USD/MXN 18.66 ▲ 0.68% USD/CLP 984.27 ▲ 1.76% USD/COP 3,300 ▲ 5.77% USD/PEN 3.42 ▲ 0.22% USD/ARS 1,545 ▼ 0.03% USD/UYU 40.43 ▲ 3.52% USD/PYG 6,196 ▲ 1.99% USD/BOB 11.68 ▲ 0.19% USD/DOP 60.46 ▲ 2.41% USD/CRC 445.62 ▲ 1.24% USD/GTQ 7.64 ▲ 2.97% USD/HNL 26.89 ▲ 3.05% USD/NIO 36.62 ▲ 2.53% USD/VES 897.02 ▼ 0.13% USD/PAB 1.00 — 0.00% USD/BZD 2.00 — 0.00% USD/JMD 157.83 ▲ 2.45% USD/TTD 6.72 ▲ 2.10% EUR/BRL 6.23 ▲ 1.62% BRENT 91.99 ▼ 0.63% WTI 86.44 ▼ 0.47% IRON ORE 161.91 — — COPPER 6.24 ▼ 1.46% GOLD 4,027 ▼ 2.13% SILVER 51.24 ▼ 2.52% SOY 1,226 ▲ 3.70% CORN 452.25 ▲ 2.96% WHEAT 595.50 ▲ 1.28% COFFEE 266.00 ▼ 2.78% SUGAR 18.11 ▼ 0.55% ORANGE JUICE 146.10 ▲ 5.60% COTTON 78.28 ▼ 0.63% COCOA 4,852 ▼ 3.04% BEEF 222.73 ▲ 3.02% CATTLE 327.08 ▼ 0.39% LITHIUM 59.76 ▼ 2.59% PETR4 45.20 ▲ 0.02% VALE3 64.95 ▼ 1.75% ITUB4 41.28 ▼ 1.05% BBDC4 14.37 ▼ 2.11% ABEV3 15.68 ▲ 0.45% BBAS3 16.85 ▼ 1.00% B3SA3 14.44 ▼ 2.76% WEGE3 50.72 ▼ 0.04% PRIO3 59.49 ▲ 0.17% SUZB3 54.84 ▲ 1.18% RENT3 29.82 ▼ 3.28% AZZA3 14.61 ▼ 3.37% CSAN3 2.67 ▼ 3.61% RAIZ4 24.40 ▼ 12.86% PCAR3 2.40 ▼ 1.23% GMAT3 3.79 ▼ 1.04% PSSA3 46.12 ▲ 1.03% CVCB3 0.86 ▼ 1.15% POSI3 2.98 ▼ 1.65% SLCE3 16.98 ▼ 1.85% NATU3 5.57 ▼ 2.45% BRKM5 2.97 ▼ 1.66% RANI3 8.38 ▼ 4.34% CSNA3 4.45 ▼ 0.89%
since 2009
Tuesday, November 10, 2026

Healing Divisions: Spain Passes Amnesty for Catalan Leaders

By · · 2 min read

On May 30, the Spanish Parliament took a decisive step by approving an amnesty law for hundreds of Catalan separatists.

This action signals a crucial moment in Spain’s battle with regional tensions and its pursuit of national unity.

The law specifically addresses individuals involved in Catalonia’s failed 2017 secession bid—a bold quest for independence that triggered broad controversy and legal consequences.

Free daily brief — no card needed
Get every Europe and Russia story in one morning email
We build you a personalized brief around the topics you follow — free for 7 days. Love it? Your first month after that is US$1.

It was crucial for the re-election of Socialist Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez, and faces opposition.

Among those affected is Carles Puigdemont, the exiled former Catalan president who spearheaded the movement from Belgium.

The LatAm Brief

One email, every weekday morning. What moved in Latin American markets, politics and expat life.

Yesterday’s subject line: “Exxon takes a first step back to Venezuela”

Free. We send a confirmation link first — nothing arrives until you click it. Unsubscribe with one click in any edition. If you stop opening us for 30 days we stop sending by ourselves, as we assume the interest is no longer there. See our privacy policy. We never share your email.

With a close vote of 177 to 172, the decision revealed deep divisions within the legislative body.

Healing Divisions: Spain Passes Amnesty for Catalan Leaders.
Healing Divisions: Spain Passes Amnesty for Catalan Leaders.
RT
Ask Rio Times
17 years of Latin America reporting, on demand.
Open the full Ask Rio Times →

Spain’s left-wing coalition government backed the law, supported by two Catalan separatist parties and various smaller groups.

In contrast, the conservative People’s Party and the right-wing Vox party strongly opposed it. This law will aid Puigdemont and hundreds of others.

It will help former Catalan government officials, protestors, and some police officers involved in the crackdown on the unlawful referendum.

Yet, this amnesty is far from a simple solution. Anticipated legal challenges and judicial reviews could test its validity.

Critics contend that it may violate the principle of equal treatment under the law by favoring a particular group.

Since taking office in 2018, Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez has focused on easing tensions in Catalonia, deeming the amnesty crucial for mending the regional divide.

Background

The 2017 Catalan independence attempt deepened national divisions in Spain. This attempt led to significant unrest.

After the unauthorized referendum, the Spanish government imposed direct rule over Catalonia. This action exacerbated tensions.

The amnesty law aims to address legal repercussions for those involved, including former officials and protestors.

Catalonia’s strong regional identity often conflicts with the broader Spanish identity. This conflict fuels desires for independence.

Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez’s support for the amnesty signals a shift towards dialogue.

Spain hopes to foster inclusive national dialogue. They aim to set a precedent for resolving regional disputes.

This article was produced by The Rio Times’ automated AI newsroom. Editorial responsibility: Matthias Camenzind, Publisher and Editor-in-Chief. The Rio Times also runs Ask Rio Times, which answers from 100,000+ of our own articles, the daily Latin America Power Map, and prediction-market odds on elections and markets.. How we use AI · Report an error

The Rio Times · Power Map
See who really holds power in Latin America
Click to open the Power Map →

Brazil runoff date: Sunday, October 25, poll closing times and when results start · Brazil runoff polls: Flávio 51%, Lula 49% · Kalshi and Polymarket odds

Rotate for Best Experience

This report is optimized for landscape viewing. Rotate your phone for the full experience.