IBOV 172,457.76 ▲ 0.66% IPC MEX 71,204.98 ▼ 0.84% MERVAL 2,848,945 — — USD/BRL5.67▲ 0.45% USD/MXN18.52▼ 0.42% USD/CLP994.16▼ 0.13% USD/COP3,302▲ 0.70% USD/PEN3.40▼ 0.16% USD/ARS1,544▼ 0.11% USD/UYU40.59▲ 2.33% USD/PYG6,196▲ 2.33% USD/BOB11.59▼ 0.37% USD/DOP60.59▲ 1.85% USD/CRC442.74▼ 0.10% USD/GTQ7.64▲ 2.06% USD/HNL26.91▲ 2.15% USD/NIO 36.62 — 0.00% USD/VES909.35▼ 0.13% USD/PAB1.00— 0.00% USD/BZD2.00— 0.00% USD/JMD157.69▲ 1.39% USD/TTD6.75▲ 1.58% EUR/BRL6.25▲ 0.93% BRENT 95.84 ▲ 0.02% WTI 88.56 ▼ 0.20% IRON ORE 161.91 — — COPPER 6.09 ▼ 1.50% GOLD 3,886 ▲ 0.03% SILVER 49.12 ▼ 1.70% SOY 1,232 ▲ 0.37% CORN 445.50 ▲ 0.68% WHEAT 593.25 ▲ 1.54% COFFEE 279.25 ▼ 0.34% SUGAR 18.40 ▲ 0.99% ORANGE JUICE 136.85 ▼ 2.91% COTTON 79.02 ▲ 0.44% COCOA 5,123 ▲ 1.13% BEEF 224.80 ▲ 2.70% CATTLE 335.35 ▼ 0.10% LITHIUM 58.76 ▼ 1.13% PETR4 45.30 ▲ 1.34% VALE3 63.50 ▼ 0.70% ITUB4 42.27 ▲ 1.42% BBDC4 14.52 ▲ 1.40% ABEV3 15.79 ▲ 0.25% BBAS3 15.10 ▼ 2.45% B3SA3 14.89 ▲ 0.88% WEGE3 51.31 ▼ 0.66% PRIO3 63.30 — 0.00% SUZB3 54.77 ▼ 2.27% RENT3 30.07 ▲ 1.66% AZZA3 15.91 ▼ 5.86% CSAN3 3.10 ▲ 8.77% RAIZ4 20.00 — 0.00% PCAR3 2.56 ▲ 7.11% GMAT3 4.25 ▲ 10.68% PSSA3 46.41 ▲ 1.02% CVCB3 0.83 ▼ 1.19% POSI3 3.15 ▼ 6.53% SLCE3 18.28 ▼ 0.44% NATU3 5.13 ▼ 3.75% BRKM5 3.02 ▼ 1.63% RANI3 8.18 — 0.00% CSNA3 3.72 ▼ 12.06% IBOV 172,457.76 ▲ 0.66% IPC MEX 71,204.98 ▼ 0.84% MERVAL 2,848,945 — — USD/BRL 5.67 ▲ 0.45% USD/MXN 18.52 ▼ 0.42% USD/CLP 994.16 ▼ 0.13% USD/COP 3,302 ▲ 0.70% USD/PEN 3.40 ▼ 0.16% USD/ARS 1,544 ▼ 0.11% USD/UYU 40.59 ▲ 2.33% USD/PYG 6,196 ▲ 2.33% USD/BOB 11.59 ▼ 0.37% USD/DOP 60.59 ▲ 1.85% USD/CRC 442.74 ▼ 0.10% USD/GTQ 7.64 ▲ 2.06% USD/HNL 26.91 ▲ 2.15% USD/NIO 36.62 — 0.00% USD/VES 909.35 ▼ 0.13% USD/PAB 1.00 — 0.00% USD/BZD 2.00 — 0.00% USD/JMD 157.69 ▲ 1.39% USD/TTD 6.75 ▲ 1.58% EUR/BRL 6.25 ▲ 0.93% BRENT 95.84 ▲ 0.02% WTI 88.56 ▼ 0.20% IRON ORE 161.91 — — COPPER 6.09 ▼ 1.50% GOLD 3,886 ▲ 0.03% SILVER 49.12 ▼ 1.70% SOY 1,232 ▲ 0.37% CORN 445.50 ▲ 0.68% WHEAT 593.25 ▲ 1.54% COFFEE 279.25 ▼ 0.34% SUGAR 18.40 ▲ 0.99% ORANGE JUICE 136.85 ▼ 2.91% COTTON 79.02 ▲ 0.44% COCOA 5,123 ▲ 1.13% BEEF 224.80 ▲ 2.70% CATTLE 335.35 ▼ 0.10% LITHIUM 58.76 ▼ 1.13% PETR4 45.30 ▲ 1.34% VALE3 63.50 ▼ 0.70% ITUB4 42.27 ▲ 1.42% BBDC4 14.52 ▲ 1.40% ABEV3 15.79 ▲ 0.25% BBAS3 15.10 ▼ 2.45% B3SA3 14.89 ▲ 0.88% WEGE3 51.31 ▼ 0.66% PRIO3 63.30 — 0.00% SUZB3 54.77 ▼ 2.27% RENT3 30.07 ▲ 1.66% AZZA3 15.91 ▼ 5.86% CSAN3 3.10 ▲ 8.77% RAIZ4 20.00 — 0.00% PCAR3 2.56 ▲ 7.11% GMAT3 4.25 ▲ 10.68% PSSA3 46.41 ▲ 1.02% CVCB3 0.83 ▼ 1.19% POSI3 3.15 ▼ 6.53% SLCE3 18.28 ▼ 0.44% NATU3 5.13 ▼ 3.75% BRKM5 3.02 ▼ 1.63% RANI3 8.18 — 0.00% CSNA3 3.72 ▼ 12.06%
since 2009
Sunday, November 15, 2026

Facial representation of the Brazilian Imperial Family

By · · 2 min read

Pedro I of Brazil (Dom Pedro IV of Portugal) has recently gained a new facial representation.

The image results from a multidisciplinary team that processed about 20,000 computerized tomography images.

But that’s not all.

Free daily brief — no card needed
Get every Latest News story in one morning email
We build you a personalized brief around the topics you follow — free for 7 days. Love it? Your first month after that is US$1.
Facial representation of the Brazilian Imperial Family
Facial reconstruction of Emperor Dom Pedro I
RT
Ask Rio Times
17 years of Latin America reporting, on demand.
Open the full Ask Rio Times →

Medical and dental studies were also used in the graphic work, which also recreated the faces of Empress Leopoldina and Amelia.

The work was conducted by historian Valdirene Ambiel, author of the book “O Novo Grito do Ipiranga” (Linotipo Digital, 2017).

And this graphic work is part of her doctoral thesis at the USP School of Medicine, which was approved this Tuesday, 7.

The LatAm Brief

One email, every weekday morning. What moved in Latin American markets, politics and expat life.

Yesterday’s subject line: “Exxon gets Guyana approval for a gas project”

Dona Amelia
Facial reconstruction of the Empress Dona Amélia

Valdirene says that “facial approximation is a thorough correlation between bones and muscles”.

She also states, “first of all, you must study anatomy a lot because this kind of work requires the largest amount of images possible”.

The result of the analyses proved that Dom Pedro I had an elongated face, with a short upper lip and a “droopy” eye pattern.

The emperor must have had deep dark circles under his eyes and some difficulty breathing due to a deviated septum.

The author of the cry of “Independence or Death!” had the habit of chewing mainly on the right side of his mouth.

His oral hygiene was exemplary – at least for the standards of the time – because Pedro had almost all his teeth in good condition.

The analyses also showed two dental restorations, probably made of gold, in the emperor’s mouth.

Empress Amelia – Pedro’s second wife – died at 60 and had only five teeth.

Princess Leopoldina
Facial reconstruction of Empress Leopoldina

D. Leopoldina, as an authentic representative of the Habsburgs, had asymmetric jawbones with a protruding chin.

Contrary to popular belief, her femur is not broken; there is no evidence that the empress suffered domestic violence.

With information from Revista Oeste

This article was produced by The Rio Times’ automated AI newsroom. Editorial responsibility: Matthias Camenzind, Publisher and Editor-in-Chief. The Rio Times also runs Ask Rio Times, which answers from 100,000+ of our own articles, the daily Latin America Power Map, and prediction-market odds on elections and markets.. How we use AI · Report an error

Read More from The Rio Times

The Rio Times · Power Map
See who really holds power in Latin America
Click to open the Power Map →

Brazil runoff date: Sunday, October 25, poll closing times and when results start · Brazil runoff polls: Flávio 51%, Lula 49% · Kalshi and Polymarket odds

Rotate for Best Experience

This report is optimized for landscape viewing. Rotate your phone for the full experience.