China Strikes Back with Tariffs Amid Escalating Trade Tensions with the U.S.

China’s Ministry of Finance announced new tariffs of 15% on U.S. chicken, wheat, corn, and cotton, alongside 10% tariffs on soybeans, sorghum, pork, beef, and dairy products. These measures will take effect next Monday.

The announcement follows the U.S.’s imposition of a general 10% tariff on Chinese goods, as ordered by former President Donald Trump. According to Chinese customs data, Washington has already levied two additional rounds of 10% tariffs on over $500 billion in Chinese exports.

The U.S. also recently introduced 25% tariffs on imports from Mexico and Canada after a one-month grace period expired. In response, China’s Ministry of Commerce added ten U.S. companies to its “unreliable entities” list, including firms linked to military arms sales to Taiwan.

An additional 15 companies now face export restrictions. Among them, American biotech firm Illumina was banned from selling genetic sequencing devices to China. China escalated its retaliation further by filing a new complaint with the World Trade Organization (WTO).

This action reiterates Beijing’s earlier objections to the 10% U.S. tariff imposed in February. A spokesperson for China’s Ministry of Commerce stated that the U.S.’s unilateral tariffs “severely violate WTO rules and undermine the foundation of economic cooperation between the two nations.”

These moves mirror China’s response a month ago when it imposed 15% tariffs on U.S. coal and liquefied natural gas and 10% on crude oil, agricultural equipment, and vehicles following Trump‘s initial tariff hike.

Trump’s Trade War Decision Increases Tariff Rates

Analysts estimate that Trump’s latest decision raises the effective average tariff rate on Chinese imports to around 34%, nearly double the increase seen during his first term.

Experts suggest that Beijing may attempt to offset these economic shocks by boosting domestic infrastructure investments and incentivizing consumer spending. However, achieving last year’s GDP growth rate of 5% could prove difficult under current conditions.

Chinese leaders, including President Xi Jinping, are expected to outline economic growth targets during the “Two Sessions” legislative meetings this week. Louis Kuijs, Asia Chief Economist at S&P Global Ratings, described the trade war as a significant challenge at a sensitive time for China’s economy.

As tensions rise, China’s swift retaliation underscores its resolve to counter U.S. policies while navigating an uncertain global economic landscape.