IBOV 175,739 ▼ 1.20% IPSA 10,950 ▼ 0.96% IPC MEX 65,973 ▼ 0.79% MERVAL 3,235,295 ▼ 1.37% COLCAP 2,307.67 ▲ 0.65% BVL PERÚ 56,917.82 ▼ 0.86% USD/BRL5.14▲ 0.60% USD/MXN17.53▲ 0.31% USD/CLP932.45▲ 0.82% USD/COP3,242▼ 0.11% USD/PEN3.41▲ 0.49% USD/ARS1,482▼ 0.37% USD/UYU 40.22 — 0.00% USD/PYG6,045▼ 0.17% USD/BOB10.35▲ 2.07% USD/DOP58.30▼ 0.31% USD/CRC448.53▼ 0.06% USD/GTQ7.62▼ 0.10% USD/HNL26.73▲ 0.04% USD/NIO 36.62 — 0.00% USD/VES719.54▼ 0.13% USD/PAB1.00— 0.00% USD/BZD2.00— 0.00% USD/JMD156.98▼ 0.70% USD/TTD6.74▼ 0.12% EUR/BRL5.84▲ 0.30% BRENT 83.49 ▲ 9.84% WTI 78.22 ▲ 9.54% IRON ORE 161.91 — — COPPER 6.28 ▲ 0.68% GOLD 4,006 ▼ 2.39% SILVER 57.89 ▼ 3.22% SOY 1,194 ▼ 0.25% CORN 463.00 ▲ 5.71% WHEAT 635.25 ▲ 0.51% COFFEE 330.50 ▼ 3.64% SUGAR 14.76 ▼ 0.81% ORANGE JUICE 137.15 ▼ 7.24% COTTON 81.49 ▲ 1.96% COCOA 5,808 ▼ 1.88% BEEF 234.95 ▼ 0.11% CATTLE 354.20 ▼ 0.11% LITHIUM 70.24 ▼ 2.88% PETR4 40.66 ▲ 2.55% VALE3 72.85 ▼ 1.79% ITUB4 43.52 ▼ 1.76% BBDC4 18.77 ▼ 0.48% ABEV3 15.83 ▲ 0.06% BBAS3 20.24 ▼ 1.65% B3SA3 15.12 ▼ 1.95% WEGE3 44.39 ▼ 4.56% PRIO3 57.20 ▲ 3.16% SUZB3 41.49 ▼ 0.14% RENT3 40.20 ▼ 2.19% AZZA3 19.22 ▲ 0.63% CSAN3 3.90 ▼ 4.18% RAIZ4 0.33 ▼ 5.71% PCAR3 2.59 ▼ 5.13% GMAT3 3.94 ▼ 0.76% PSSA3 54.04 ▼ 1.69% CVCB3 1.25 — 0.00% POSI3 3.99 ▲ 0.50% SLCE3 13.87 ▼ 1.07% NATU3 8.60 ▼ 0.92% BRKM5 6.94 ▲ 4.68% RANI3 7.95 ▼ 0.75% CSNA3 5.24 ▲ 1.16% CMIN3 5.45 ▲ 4.21% USIM5 8.38 ▼ 0.83% GGBR4 22.82 ▼ 0.83% ENEV3 26.88 ▼ 2.43% CPFE3 46.84 ▼ 2.15% CMIG4 11.07 ▼ 2.72% EQTL3 40.21 ▼ 1.71% LREN3 14.15 ▼ 3.21% RAIL3 14.11 ▼ 1.74% KLABIN 17.48 ▼ 0.34% RAIA DROGASIL 18.20 ▼ 3.04% RDOR3 35.56 ▼ 1.28% HAPV3 10.46 ▼ 1.32% FLRY3 16.15 ▼ 1.64% SMTO3 16.37 — 0.00% UGPA3 30.93 ▲ 0.72% VBBR3 32.76 ▼ 0.73% BBSE3 40.28 ▼ 0.17% BPAC11 57.52 ▼ 2.06% CURY3 33.12 ▼ 3.19% AERI3 2.08 ▼ 0.48% VIVARA 23.11 ▼ 1.79% COMPASS 24.77 ▼ 2.86% VAMOS 3.02 ▼ 1.31% SANB11 27.37 ▼ 0.91% ASAI3 8.71 ▼ 1.80% SBSP3 30.37 ▼ 2.38% WALMEX 49.66 ▲ 0.69% GMEXICO 195.76 ▼ 1.74% FEMSA 225.36 ▲ 0.92% CEMEX 21.79 ▼ 0.32% GFNORTE 181.91 ▼ 2.51% BIMBO 55.97 ▼ 0.23% TELEVISA 9.61 ▼ 1.23% AMX 22.86 ▲ 0.70% GAP 407.66 ▼ 1.17% ASUR 278.66 ▼ 2.27% OMA 232.47 ▼ 1.70% KOF 181.68 ▲ 0.85% GRUMA 281.37 ▼ 0.77% KIMBER 38.22 ▲ 0.39% SQM-B 67,211 ▼ 0.80% COPEC 6,057 ▼ 1.33% BSANTANDER 78.20 ▼ 1.01% FALABELLA 5,905 — 0.00% ENELAM 84.20 ▼ 1.41% CENCOSUD 2,040 ▼ 0.25% CMPC 1,078 ▼ 2.80% BANCO CHILE 185.00 ▼ 2.05% LATAM AIR 24.90 ▼ 5.18% YPF 77,175 ▲ 3.73% GGAL 8,080 ▼ 3.06% PAMPA 5,225 ▲ 0.87% TXAR 664.50 ▼ 0.97% ALUAR 964.50 ▼ 1.13% TGS 9,580 ▼ 0.16% CEPU 2,319 ▼ 3.21% MIRGOR 17,000 ▼ 1.45% COME 44.78 ▼ 2.46% LOMA NEGRA 3,498 ▼ 2.37% BYMA 308.25 ▼ 1.83% TELECOM ARG 4,250 ▲ 0.12% ECOPETROL 15.88 ▲ 1.93% BANCOLOMBIA 80.42 ▼ 3.05% GRUPO AVAL 4.91 ▼ 3.16% CREDICORP 389.22 ▼ 2.89% SOUTHERN COPPER 174.53 ▼ 0.74% BUENAVENTURA 29.82 ▼ 0.60% MERCADOLIBRE 1,867 ▲ 0.81% NUBANK 13.67 ▼ 0.65% XP 16.37 ▼ 3.25% PAGSEGURO 9.28 ▲ 0.32% STONE 11.15 ▼ 0.54% GLOBANT 32.12 ▲ 7.21% TECNOGLASS 42.84 ▼ 2.41% GAP AIRPORT 232.77 ▼ 1.22% ASUR 278.66 ▼ 2.27% OMA AIRPORT 106.13 ▼ 1.77% AMX ADR 26.02 ▲ 0.04% FEMSA ADR 129.01 ▲ 1.06% CEMEX ADR 12.45 ▼ 0.24% PETROBRAS ADR 17.88 ▲ 3.23% VALE ADR 14.18 ▼ 1.94% ITAU ADR 8.47 ▼ 1.74% SANTANDER BR 5.34 ▼ 1.02% AMBEV ADR 3.06 ▼ 0.33% CSN 1.03 ▲ 1.49% GERDAU 4.49 ▼ 0.22% LATAM ADR 53.33 ▼ 5.53% BTC 62,035 ▼ 2.70% ETH 1,764 ▼ 2.33% SOL 74.60 ▼ 2.96% XRP 1.06 ▼ 2.41% BNB 564.44 ▼ 1.66% ADA 0.16 ▼ 2.88% DOGE 0.07 ▼ 1.52% AVAX 6.44 ▲ 0.59% LINK 7.85 ▼ 1.75% DOT 0.83 ▼ 1.21% LTC 43.19 ▼ 1.77% BCH 234.81 ▼ 2.15% TRX 0.33 ▼ 1.75% XLM 0.18 ▼ 3.15% HBAR 0.07 ▼ 1.94% NEAR 1.90 ▲ 0.39% ATOM 1.54 ▼ 1.60% AAVE 93.94 ▼ 3.22% SELIC 14.25% EMBRAER 83.01 ▼ 1.88% EMBRAER ADR 64.48 ▼ 2.32% JBS 11.80 ▼ 0.92% JBS BDR 60.61 ▼ 0.28% MBRF3 15.72 ▲ 1.09% MBRFY 3.05 ▲ 0.99% VIVT3 34.73 ▼ 2.85% INTER 5.65 ▼ 2.92% EGX 52,608 ▲ 0.67% USD/ZAR16.46▲ 0.85% USD/NGN1,378▼ 0.05% NIKKEI 67,243 ▼ 1.92% CSI300 4,695 ▼ 1.79% HSI 24,214 ▲ 0.16% NIFTY 24,211 ▲ 0.02% KOSPI 6,807 ▼ 8.95% JCI 6,038 ▲ 1.92% USD/JPY162.46▲ 0.46% USD/CNY6.77▼ 0.09% DAX 25,114 ▲ 0.19% CAC 8,365 ▲ 0.31% FTSE 10,498 ▲ 0.01% MIB 52,809 ▲ 0.37% IBEX 19,336 ▼ 0.25% STOXX 641.01 ▼ 0.01% EUR/USD1.14▼ 0.16% GBP/USD1.33▼ 0.31% SPX 7,515 ▼ 0.79% DJI 52,499 ▼ 0.26% NDX 29,264 ▼ 1.88% RUT 2,953 ▼ 0.83% TSX 35,253 ▼ 0.15% VIX 17.16 ▲ 14.17% USD/CAD1.42▼ 0.03% US10Y 4.6090 ▲ 0.88% IBOV 175,739 ▼ 1.20% IPSA 10,950 ▼ 0.96% IPC MEX 65,973 ▼ 0.79% MERVAL 3,235,295 ▼ 1.37% COLCAP 2,307.67 ▲ 0.65% BVL PERÚ 56,917.82 ▼ 0.86% USD/BRL 5.13 ▲ 0.43% USD/MXN 17.53 ▲ 0.31% USD/CLP 932.45 ▲ 0.82% USD/COP 3,242 ▼ 0.11% USD/PEN 3.41 ▲ 0.49% USD/ARS 1,482 ▼ 0.37% USD/UYU 40.22 — 0.00% USD/PYG 6,045 ▼ 0.17% USD/BOB 10.35 ▲ 2.07% USD/DOP 58.30 ▼ 0.31% USD/CRC 448.53 ▼ 0.06% USD/GTQ 7.62 ▼ 0.10% USD/HNL 26.73 ▲ 0.04% USD/NIO 36.62 — 0.00% USD/VES 719.54 ▼ 0.13% USD/PAB 1.00 — 0.00% USD/BZD 2.00 — 0.00% USD/JMD 156.98 ▲ 0.25% USD/TTD 6.74 ▲ 1.05% EUR/BRL 5.84 ▲ 0.30% BRENT 83.49 ▲ 9.84% WTI 78.22 ▲ 9.54% IRON ORE 161.91 — — COPPER 6.28 ▲ 0.68% GOLD 4,006 ▼ 2.39% SILVER 57.89 ▼ 3.22% SOY 1,194 ▼ 0.25% CORN 463.00 ▲ 5.71% WHEAT 635.25 ▲ 0.51% COFFEE 330.50 ▼ 3.64% SUGAR 14.76 ▼ 0.81% ORANGE JUICE 137.15 ▼ 7.24% COTTON 81.49 ▲ 1.96% COCOA 5,808 ▼ 1.88% BEEF 234.95 ▼ 0.11% CATTLE 354.20 ▼ 0.11% LITHIUM 70.24 ▼ 2.88% PETR4 40.66 ▲ 2.55% VALE3 72.85 ▼ 1.79% ITUB4 43.52 ▼ 1.76% BBDC4 18.77 ▼ 0.48% ABEV3 15.83 ▲ 0.06% BBAS3 20.24 ▼ 1.65% B3SA3 15.12 ▼ 1.95% WEGE3 44.39 ▼ 4.56% PRIO3 57.20 ▲ 3.16% SUZB3 41.49 ▼ 0.14% RENT3 40.20 ▼ 2.19% AZZA3 19.22 ▲ 0.63% CSAN3 3.90 ▼ 4.18% RAIZ4 0.33 ▼ 5.71% PCAR3 2.59 ▼ 5.13% GMAT3 3.94 ▼ 0.76% PSSA3 54.04 ▼ 1.69% CVCB3 1.25 — 0.00% POSI3 3.99 ▲ 0.50% SLCE3 13.87 ▼ 1.07% NATU3 8.60 ▼ 0.92% BRKM5 6.94 ▲ 4.68% RANI3 7.95 ▼ 0.75% CSNA3 5.24 ▲ 1.16% CMIN3 5.45 ▲ 4.21% USIM5 8.38 ▼ 0.83% GGBR4 22.82 ▼ 0.83% ENEV3 26.88 ▼ 2.43% CPFE3 46.84 ▼ 2.15% CMIG4 11.07 ▼ 2.72% EQTL3 40.21 ▼ 1.71% LREN3 14.15 ▼ 3.21% RAIL3 14.11 ▼ 1.74% KLABIN 17.48 ▼ 0.34% RAIA DROGASIL 18.20 ▼ 3.04% RDOR3 35.56 ▼ 1.28% HAPV3 10.46 ▼ 1.32% FLRY3 16.15 ▼ 1.64% SMTO3 16.37 — 0.00% UGPA3 30.93 ▲ 0.72% VBBR3 32.76 ▼ 0.73% BBSE3 40.28 ▼ 0.17% BPAC11 57.52 ▼ 2.06% CURY3 33.12 ▼ 3.19% AERI3 2.08 ▼ 0.48% VIVARA 23.11 ▼ 1.79% COMPASS 24.77 ▼ 2.86% VAMOS 3.02 ▼ 1.31% SANB11 27.37 ▼ 0.91% ASAI3 8.71 ▼ 1.80% SBSP3 30.37 ▼ 2.38% WALMEX 49.66 ▲ 0.69% GMEXICO 195.76 ▼ 1.74% FEMSA 225.36 ▲ 0.92% CEMEX 21.79 ▼ 0.32% GFNORTE 181.91 ▼ 2.51% BIMBO 55.97 ▼ 0.23% TELEVISA 9.61 ▼ 1.23% AMX 22.86 ▲ 0.70% GAP 407.66 ▼ 1.17% ASUR 278.66 ▼ 2.27% OMA 232.47 ▼ 1.70% KOF 181.68 ▲ 0.85% GRUMA 281.37 ▼ 0.77% KIMBER 38.22 ▲ 0.39% SQM-B 67,211 ▼ 0.80% COPEC 6,057 ▼ 1.33% BSANTANDER 78.20 ▼ 1.01% FALABELLA 5,905 — 0.00% ENELAM 84.20 ▼ 1.41% CENCOSUD 2,040 ▼ 0.25% CMPC 1,078 ▼ 2.80% BANCO CHILE 185.00 ▼ 2.05% LATAM AIR 24.90 ▼ 5.18% YPF 77,175 ▲ 3.73% GGAL 8,080 ▼ 3.06% PAMPA 5,225 ▲ 0.87% TXAR 664.50 ▼ 0.97% ALUAR 964.50 ▼ 1.13% TGS 9,580 ▼ 0.16% CEPU 2,319 ▼ 3.21% MIRGOR 17,000 ▼ 1.45% COME 44.78 ▼ 2.46% LOMA NEGRA 3,498 ▼ 2.37% BYMA 308.25 ▼ 1.83% TELECOM ARG 4,250 ▲ 0.12% ECOPETROL 15.88 ▲ 1.93% BANCOLOMBIA 80.42 ▼ 3.05% GRUPO AVAL 4.91 ▼ 3.16% CREDICORP 389.22 ▼ 2.89% SOUTHERN COPPER 174.53 ▼ 0.74% BUENAVENTURA 29.82 ▼ 0.60% MERCADOLIBRE 1,867 ▲ 0.81% NUBANK 13.67 ▼ 0.65% XP 16.37 ▼ 3.25% PAGSEGURO 9.28 ▲ 0.32% STONE 11.15 ▼ 0.54% GLOBANT 32.12 ▲ 7.21% TECNOGLASS 42.84 ▼ 2.41% GAP AIRPORT 232.77 ▼ 1.22% ASUR 278.66 ▼ 2.27% OMA AIRPORT 106.13 ▼ 1.77% AMX ADR 26.02 ▲ 0.04% FEMSA ADR 129.01 ▲ 1.06% CEMEX ADR 12.45 ▼ 0.24% PETROBRAS ADR 17.88 ▲ 3.23% VALE ADR 14.18 ▼ 1.94% ITAU ADR 8.47 ▼ 1.74% SANTANDER BR 5.34 ▼ 1.02% AMBEV ADR 3.06 ▼ 0.33% CSN 1.03 ▲ 1.49% GERDAU 4.49 ▼ 0.22% LATAM ADR 53.33 ▼ 5.53% BTC 62,035 ▼ 2.70% ETH 1,764 ▼ 2.33% SOL 74.60 ▼ 2.96% XRP 1.06 ▼ 2.41% BNB 564.44 ▼ 1.66% ADA 0.16 ▼ 2.88% DOGE 0.07 ▼ 1.52% AVAX 6.44 ▲ 0.59% LINK 7.85 ▼ 1.75% DOT 0.83 ▼ 1.21% LTC 43.19 ▼ 1.77% BCH 234.81 ▼ 2.15% TRX 0.33 ▼ 1.75% XLM 0.18 ▼ 3.15% HBAR 0.07 ▼ 1.94% NEAR 1.90 ▲ 0.39% ATOM 1.54 ▼ 1.60% AAVE 93.94 ▼ 3.22% SELIC 14.25% EMBRAER 83.01 ▼ 1.88% EMBRAER ADR 64.48 ▼ 2.32% JBS 11.80 ▼ 0.92% JBS BDR 60.61 ▼ 0.28% MBRF3 15.72 ▲ 1.09% MBRFY 3.05 ▲ 0.99% VIVT3 34.73 ▼ 2.85% INTER 5.65 ▼ 2.92% EGX 52,608 ▲ 0.67% USD/ZAR 16.46 ▲ 0.72% USD/NGN 1,378 ▲ 0.15% NIKKEI 67,243 ▼ 1.92% CSI300 4,695 ▼ 1.79% HSI 24,214 ▲ 0.16% NIFTY 24,211 ▲ 0.02% KOSPI 6,807 ▼ 8.95% JCI 6,038 ▲ 1.92% USD/JPY 162.44 ▲ 0.48% USD/CNY 6.7709 ▲ 0.06% DAX 25,114 ▲ 0.19% CAC 8,365 ▲ 0.31% FTSE 10,498 ▲ 0.01% MIB 52,809 ▲ 0.37% IBEX 19,336 ▼ 0.25% STOXX 641.01 ▼ 0.01% EUR/USD 1.1383 ▼ 0.32% GBP/USD 1.3345 ▼ 0.40% SPX 7,515 ▼ 0.79% DJI 52,499 ▼ 0.26% NDX 29,264 ▼ 1.88% RUT 2,953 ▼ 0.83% TSX 35,253 ▼ 0.15% VIX 17.16 ▲ 14.17% USD/CAD 1.4157 ▲ 0.04% US10Y 4.6090 ▲ 0.88%
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Opinion: The Curmudgeon on GIGO

By · March 11, 2014 · 3 min read

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Opinion, by Michael Royster

RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL – The title acronym, short for “Garbage In, Garbage Out”, was once only for computers, but now describes failures in decision-making due to faulty, incomplete or imprecise data. Carioca residents have since last week recognized the cogency of this logic, as we have all seen garbage (still) in bins and garbage (still) out on the street.

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Michael Royster, aka The Curmudgeon.
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In Rio waste collectors are uniformly known as “garis” and are identified by the garish (pun intended) orange color of their uniforms. In 1876 an entrepreneur named Pedro Aleixo Gary was awarded a contract to rid the Rio streets of horse manure. When denizens here saw fragrant piles, they called for the “turma do gary” or Gary’s gang. After some years, the workers themselves became known as “garis”.

But I digress.

Every day, the citizens of Rio dump an astonishing amount of litter (“lixo” in Portuguese) directly onto the streets, sidewalks, beaches, gardens, lawns, flowerbeds, and into the waters of canals, bays, inlets and the Lagoa. Many people still allow their pooches to poop on the sidewalks, and run free on the beaches. Garbage in, Garbage out.

The basic problem is that, way down deep, most Cariocas think it’s okay to throw stuff they don’t want on the ground, in the gutters, anywhere at all, precisely because there are garis whose job is to clean up after other people. This sentiment is occasionally voiced by some who say “if we don’t litter, they’ll have to fire hundreds of garis, who will lose their livelihood.” Garbage in, Garbage out.

Comlurb has placed many orange receptacles around on streets, but there are never enough; moreover, the opening is so small that you can’t get anything big in them. The boxes themselves are ridiculously undersized: they don’t keep up with a normal day’s use, let alone during Carnaval, and there are simply not enough garis about to go and empty them more than once a day. Garbage in, Garbage out.

Some garis went on strike during Carnaval. Rather than cantering down the Marquês de Sapucai after the last samba school parade, they shouldered their brooms, shovels and dustpans and headed home. The next street they appeared on was Avenida Rio Branco, the city’s main thoroughfare and the scene of most protest demonstrations, not to mention overflowing rubbish bins. Garbage in, Garbage out.

March is the official collective bargaining month and the labor union which represents the garis has announced an agreed nine percent raise from last year. The striking dissidents want a fifty percent raise, and claim the labor union doesn’t represent them. The city cannot, by law, negotiate with anyone other than the labor union. Garbage in, Garbage out.

Another problem is that the strikers have been staking out Comlurb’s headquarters, trying to prevent other garis from working. Out on the job, garis have been threatened by strikers. So, municipal guards and even police are now sent out to protect the working garis from their colleagues as they do their rounds. Garbage in, Garbage out.

Postscript. This was written on Saturday afternoon, hours before the representatives of the garis met with representatives of Comlurb at the Regional Labor Court and cobbled together a deal which gives the garis a raise of over thirty percent. So, back on the street they went, to general applause.


Michael Royster, aka THE CURMUDGEON first saw Rio forty-plus years ago, fetched up on these shores exactly 36 years ago, still loves it, notwithstanding being a charter member of the most persecuted minority in (North) America today, the WASPs (google it!)(get over it!)

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