IBOV 177,866 ▲ 2.97% IPSA 11,057 ▲ 0.28% IPC MEX 66,496 ▲ 0.59% MERVAL 3,280,224 ▲ 2.43% COLCAP 2,307.67 ▲ 0.65% BVL PERÚ 56,194.27 ▲ 1.29% USD/BRL5.11▼ 0.04% USD/MXN17.51▲ 0.25% USD/CLP923.90▼ 0.41% USD/COP3,242▲ 0.06% USD/PEN3.41▲ 0.42% USD/ARS1,487▼ 0.03% USD/UYU40.22▲ 1.37% USD/PYG6,055▲ 1.45% USD/BOB10.14▲ 4.01% USD/DOP58.48▼ 0.03% USD/CRC448.82▲ 1.41% USD/GTQ7.63▲ 2.31% USD/HNL26.72▲ 0.09% USD/NIO 36.62 — 0.00% USD/VES719.54▼ 0.13% USD/PAB1.00— 0.00% USD/BZD2.00— 0.00% USD/JMD158.09▲ 0.40% USD/TTD6.75▲ 1.44% EUR/BRL5.82▼ 0.79% BRENT 79.04 ▲ 3.99% WTI 74.27 ▲ 4.01% IRON ORE 161.91 — — COPPER 6.22 ▼ 0.18% GOLD 4,079 ▼ 0.61% SILVER 58.80 ▼ 1.69% SOY 1,196 ▼ 0.02% CORN 467.00 ▲ 6.62% WHEAT 647.00 ▲ 2.37% COFFEE 318.60 ▼ 10.74% SUGAR 14.86 ▼ 1.72% ORANGE JUICE 143.25 ▼ 4.44% COTTON 80.87 ▲ 6.18% COCOA 6,100 ▼ 3.31% BEEF 235.20 ▼ 0.02% CATTLE 354.60 ▼ 0.44% LITHIUM 72.32 ▼ 0.69% PETR4 39.65 ▲ 1.12% VALE3 74.18 ▲ 1.41% ITUB4 44.30 ▲ 4.02% BBDC4 18.86 ▲ 4.78% ABEV3 15.82 ▲ 0.64% BBAS3 20.58 ▲ 2.90% B3SA3 15.42 ▲ 4.26% WEGE3 46.51 ▲ 1.68% PRIO3 55.45 ▼ 0.29% SUZB3 41.55 ▲ 1.27% RENT3 41.10 ▲ 4.31% AZZA3 19.10 ▲ 3.47% CSAN3 4.07 ▲ 5.44% RAIZ4 0.35 ▼ 5.41% PCAR3 2.73 ▼ 1.09% GMAT3 3.97 ▲ 1.02% PSSA3 54.97 ▲ 3.04% CVCB3 1.25 — 0.00% POSI3 3.97 ▲ 3.12% SLCE3 14.02 ▲ 1.67% NATU3 8.68 ▲ 2.60% BRKM5 6.63 ▲ 4.25% RANI3 8.01 ▲ 1.91% CSNA3 5.18 ▲ 7.92% CMIN3 5.23 ▲ 8.28% USIM5 8.45 ▲ 1.20% GGBR4 23.01 ▲ 2.36% ENEV3 27.55 ▲ 5.15% CPFE3 47.87 ▲ 3.41% CMIG4 11.38 ▲ 2.71% EQTL3 40.91 ▲ 3.54% LREN3 14.62 ▲ 3.32% VIVT3 35.75 ▲ 3.62% RAIL3 14.36 ▲ 4.44% KLABIN 17.54 ▲ 0.80% RAIA DROGASIL 18.77 ▲ 3.53% RDOR3 36.02 ▲ 2.48% HAPV3 10.60 ▲ 5.26% FLRY3 16.42 ▲ 4.25% SMTO3 16.37 ▲ 1.99% UGPA3 30.71 ▲ 2.03% VBBR3 33.00 ▲ 2.80% BBSE3 40.35 ▲ 2.72% BPAC11 58.73 ▲ 5.48% CURY3 34.21 ▲ 4.62% AERI3 2.09 ▲ 1.46% VIVARA 23.53 ▲ 4.21% COMPASS 25.50 ▲ 3.32% VAMOS 3.06 ▲ 3.38% SANB11 27.62 ▲ 5.22% ASAI3 8.87 ▲ 4.85% SBSP3 31.11 ▲ 3.70% WALMEX 49.31 ▲ 0.59% GMEXICO 198.62 ▲ 1.68% FEMSA 223.20 ▲ 0.37% CEMEX 21.82 ▲ 0.51% GFNORTE 186.51 ▲ 0.63% BIMBO 56.06 ▲ 0.23% TELEVISA 9.74 ▲ 2.63% AMX 22.70 ▲ 0.27% GAP 412.01 ▼ 0.41% ASUR 285.12 ▲ 0.53% OMA 235.73 ▼ 0.95% KOF 182.08 ▲ 0.65% GRUMA 282.99 ▲ 0.14% KIMBER 38.13 ▼ 0.81% SQM-B 67,750 ▼ 1.95% COPEC 6,139 ▲ 1.98% BSANTANDER 79.00 ▲ 1.94% FALABELLA 5,905 ▲ 0.92% ENELAM 85.40 ▲ 1.47% CENCOSUD 2,045 ▼ 0.55% CMPC 1,109 ▲ 1.32% BANCO CHILE 188.88 ▲ 1.01% LATAM AIR 26.26 ▼ 0.53% YPF 74,450 ▼ 1.75% GGAL 8,350 ▲ 5.96% PAMPA 5,185 ▼ 0.38% TXAR 671.00 ▲ 0.98% ALUAR 978.00 ▲ 0.98% TGS 9,610 ▲ 3.22% CEPU 2,405 ▲ 3.89% MIRGOR 17,375 ▲ 1.02% COME 45.90 ▲ 1.06% LOMA NEGRA 3,583 ▲ 2.43% BYMA 314.00 ▲ 1.37% TELECOM ARG 4,248 ▲ 3.09% ECOPETROL 15.59 ▲ 1.27% BANCOLOMBIA 82.95 ▲ 2.50% GRUPO AVAL 5.08 ▲ 1.20% CREDICORP 400.81 ▲ 2.27% SOUTHERN COPPER 175.83 ▲ 0.80% BUENAVENTURA 30.00 ▲ 1.52% MERCADOLIBRE 1,852 ▲ 2.46% NUBANK 13.76 ▲ 0.66% XP 16.92 ▲ 3.11% PAGSEGURO 9.25 ▲ 2.78% STONE 11.21 ▲ 2.28% GLOBANT 29.96 ▼ 4.25% TECNOGLASS 43.90 ▲ 1.76% GAP AIRPORT 235.64 ▲ 0.50% ASUR 285.12 ▲ 0.53% OMA AIRPORT 108.09 ▼ 0.22% AMX ADR 26.04 ▲ 0.77% FEMSA ADR 127.70 ▲ 0.55% CEMEX ADR 12.48 ▲ 0.89% PETROBRAS ADR 17.32 ▲ 1.70% VALE ADR 14.46 ▲ 1.69% ITAU ADR 8.62 ▲ 4.11% SANTANDER BR 5.39 ▲ 4.86% AMBEV ADR 3.07 ▲ 0.99% CSN 1.01 ▲ 5.79% GERDAU 4.50 ▲ 2.04% LATAM ADR 56.45 ▼ 1.03% BTC 63,222 ▼ 0.91% ETH 1,801 ▲ 0.74% SOL 76.26 ▼ 0.73% XRP 1.08 ▼ 1.85% BNB 570.80 ▼ 0.71% ADA 0.16 ▼ 3.90% DOGE 0.07 ▼ 0.98% AVAX 6.48 ▼ 1.11% LINK 7.95 ▲ 0.37% DOT 0.83 ▼ 2.47% LTC 43.75 ▼ 2.12% BCH 238.29 ▼ 2.50% TRX 0.33 ▲ 0.37% XLM 0.18 ▼ 1.57% HBAR 0.07 ▼ 1.99% NEAR 1.89 ▲ 1.05% ATOM 1.55 ▼ 2.13% AAVE 95.67 ▼ 2.61% SELIC 14.25% EMBRAER 84.60 ▲ 0.88% EMBRAER ADR 66.01 ▲ 0.72% JBS 11.91 ▲ 1.53% JBS BDR 60.78 ▲ 1.22% MBRF3 15.55 ▲ 0.91% MBRFY 2.97 ▼ 1.00% INTER 5.82 ▲ 1.93% EGX 52,256 ▲ 0.44% USD/ZAR16.39▲ 0.15% USD/NGN 1,376 — 0.00% NIKKEI 67,787 ▼ 1.12% CSI300 4,744 ▼ 0.77% HSI 24,234 ▲ 0.24% NIFTY 24,207 ▲ 1.02% KOSPI 7,087 ▼ 5.20% JCI 5,969 ▲ 0.76% USD/JPY162.09▲ 0.24% USD/CNY6.77▼ 0.09% DAX 25,067 ▼ 0.20% CAC 8,339 ▲ 0.15% FTSE 10,497 ▲ 0.24% MIB 52,614 ▲ 0.44% IBEX 19,385 ▲ 0.32% STOXX 641.10 ▲ 0.04% EUR/USD1.14▼ 0.16% GBP/USD1.34▼ 0.31% SPX 7,575 ▲ 0.42% DJI 52,637 ▲ 0.29% NDX 29,825 ▲ 0.33% RUT 2,978 ▼ 0.49% TSX 35,305 ▲ 0.30% VIX 15.03 ▼ 5.11% USD/CAD1.42▲ 0.09% US10Y 4.5690 ▲ 0.66% IBOV 177,866 ▲ 2.97% IPSA 11,057 ▲ 0.28% IPC MEX 66,496 ▲ 0.59% MERVAL 3,280,224 ▲ 2.43% COLCAP 2,307.67 ▲ 0.65% BVL PERÚ 56,194.27 ▲ 1.29% USD/BRL 5.11 ▼ 0.04% USD/MXN 17.51 ▲ 0.25% USD/CLP 923.90 ▼ 0.41% USD/COP 3,242 ▲ 0.06% USD/PEN 3.41 ▲ 0.42% USD/ARS 1,487 ▼ 0.03% USD/UYU 40.22 ▲ 1.37% USD/PYG 6,055 ▲ 1.45% USD/BOB 10.14 ▲ 4.01% USD/DOP 58.48 ▼ 0.03% USD/CRC 448.82 ▲ 1.41% USD/GTQ 7.63 ▲ 2.31% USD/HNL 26.72 ▲ 0.09% USD/NIO 36.62 — 0.00% USD/VES 719.54 ▼ 0.13% USD/PAB 1.00 — 0.00% USD/BZD 2.00 — 0.00% USD/JMD 158.09 ▲ 0.40% USD/TTD 6.75 ▲ 1.44% EUR/BRL 5.82 ▼ 0.79% BRENT 79.04 ▲ 3.99% WTI 74.27 ▲ 4.01% IRON ORE 161.91 — — COPPER 6.22 ▼ 0.18% GOLD 4,079 ▼ 0.61% SILVER 58.80 ▼ 1.69% SOY 1,196 ▼ 0.02% CORN 467.00 ▲ 6.62% WHEAT 647.00 ▲ 2.37% COFFEE 318.60 ▼ 10.74% SUGAR 14.86 ▼ 1.72% ORANGE JUICE 143.25 ▼ 4.44% COTTON 80.87 ▲ 6.18% COCOA 6,100 ▼ 3.31% BEEF 235.20 ▼ 0.02% CATTLE 354.60 ▼ 0.44% LITHIUM 72.32 ▼ 0.69% PETR4 39.65 ▲ 1.12% VALE3 74.18 ▲ 1.41% ITUB4 44.30 ▲ 4.02% BBDC4 18.86 ▲ 4.78% ABEV3 15.82 ▲ 0.64% BBAS3 20.58 ▲ 2.90% B3SA3 15.42 ▲ 4.26% WEGE3 46.51 ▲ 1.68% PRIO3 55.45 ▼ 0.29% SUZB3 41.55 ▲ 1.27% RENT3 41.10 ▲ 4.31% AZZA3 19.10 ▲ 3.47% CSAN3 4.07 ▲ 5.44% RAIZ4 0.35 ▼ 5.41% PCAR3 2.73 ▼ 1.09% GMAT3 3.97 ▲ 1.02% PSSA3 54.97 ▲ 3.04% CVCB3 1.25 — 0.00% POSI3 3.97 ▲ 3.12% SLCE3 14.02 ▲ 1.67% NATU3 8.68 ▲ 2.60% BRKM5 6.63 ▲ 4.25% RANI3 8.01 ▲ 1.91% CSNA3 5.18 ▲ 7.92% CMIN3 5.23 ▲ 8.28% USIM5 8.45 ▲ 1.20% GGBR4 23.01 ▲ 2.36% ENEV3 27.55 ▲ 5.15% CPFE3 47.87 ▲ 3.41% CMIG4 11.38 ▲ 2.71% EQTL3 40.91 ▲ 3.54% LREN3 14.62 ▲ 3.32% VIVT3 35.75 ▲ 3.62% RAIL3 14.36 ▲ 4.44% KLABIN 17.54 ▲ 0.80% RAIA DROGASIL 18.77 ▲ 3.53% RDOR3 36.02 ▲ 2.48% HAPV3 10.60 ▲ 5.26% FLRY3 16.42 ▲ 4.25% SMTO3 16.37 ▲ 1.99% UGPA3 30.71 ▲ 2.03% VBBR3 33.00 ▲ 2.80% BBSE3 40.35 ▲ 2.72% BPAC11 58.73 ▲ 5.48% CURY3 34.21 ▲ 4.62% AERI3 2.09 ▲ 1.46% VIVARA 23.53 ▲ 4.21% COMPASS 25.50 ▲ 3.32% VAMOS 3.06 ▲ 3.38% SANB11 27.62 ▲ 5.22% ASAI3 8.87 ▲ 4.85% SBSP3 31.11 ▲ 3.70% WALMEX 49.31 ▲ 0.59% GMEXICO 198.62 ▲ 1.68% FEMSA 223.20 ▲ 0.37% CEMEX 21.82 ▲ 0.51% GFNORTE 186.51 ▲ 0.63% BIMBO 56.06 ▲ 0.23% TELEVISA 9.74 ▲ 2.63% AMX 22.70 ▲ 0.27% GAP 412.01 ▼ 0.41% ASUR 285.12 ▲ 0.53% OMA 235.73 ▼ 0.95% KOF 182.08 ▲ 0.65% GRUMA 282.99 ▲ 0.14% KIMBER 38.13 ▼ 0.81% SQM-B 67,750 ▼ 1.95% COPEC 6,139 ▲ 1.98% BSANTANDER 79.00 ▲ 1.94% FALABELLA 5,905 ▲ 0.92% ENELAM 85.40 ▲ 1.47% CENCOSUD 2,045 ▼ 0.55% CMPC 1,109 ▲ 1.32% BANCO CHILE 188.88 ▲ 1.01% LATAM AIR 26.26 ▼ 0.53% YPF 74,450 ▼ 1.75% GGAL 8,350 ▲ 5.96% PAMPA 5,185 ▼ 0.38% TXAR 671.00 ▲ 0.98% ALUAR 978.00 ▲ 0.98% TGS 9,610 ▲ 3.22% CEPU 2,405 ▲ 3.89% MIRGOR 17,375 ▲ 1.02% COME 45.90 ▲ 1.06% LOMA NEGRA 3,583 ▲ 2.43% BYMA 314.00 ▲ 1.37% TELECOM ARG 4,248 ▲ 3.09% ECOPETROL 15.59 ▲ 1.27% BANCOLOMBIA 82.95 ▲ 2.50% GRUPO AVAL 5.08 ▲ 1.20% CREDICORP 400.81 ▲ 2.27% SOUTHERN COPPER 175.83 ▲ 0.80% BUENAVENTURA 30.00 ▲ 1.52% MERCADOLIBRE 1,852 ▲ 2.46% NUBANK 13.76 ▲ 0.66% XP 16.92 ▲ 3.11% PAGSEGURO 9.25 ▲ 2.78% STONE 11.21 ▲ 2.28% GLOBANT 29.96 ▼ 4.25% TECNOGLASS 43.90 ▲ 1.76% GAP AIRPORT 235.64 ▲ 0.50% ASUR 285.12 ▲ 0.53% OMA AIRPORT 108.09 ▼ 0.22% AMX ADR 26.04 ▲ 0.77% FEMSA ADR 127.70 ▲ 0.55% CEMEX ADR 12.48 ▲ 0.89% PETROBRAS ADR 17.32 ▲ 1.70% VALE ADR 14.46 ▲ 1.69% ITAU ADR 8.62 ▲ 4.11% SANTANDER BR 5.39 ▲ 4.86% AMBEV ADR 3.07 ▲ 0.99% CSN 1.01 ▲ 5.79% GERDAU 4.50 ▲ 2.04% LATAM ADR 56.45 ▼ 1.03% BTC 63,222 ▼ 0.91% ETH 1,801 ▲ 0.74% SOL 76.26 ▼ 0.73% XRP 1.08 ▼ 1.85% BNB 570.80 ▼ 0.71% ADA 0.16 ▼ 3.90% DOGE 0.07 ▼ 0.98% AVAX 6.48 ▼ 1.11% LINK 7.95 ▲ 0.37% DOT 0.83 ▼ 2.47% LTC 43.75 ▼ 2.12% BCH 238.29 ▼ 2.50% TRX 0.33 ▲ 0.37% XLM 0.18 ▼ 1.57% HBAR 0.07 ▼ 1.99% NEAR 1.89 ▲ 1.05% ATOM 1.55 ▼ 2.13% AAVE 95.67 ▼ 2.61% SELIC 14.25% EMBRAER 84.60 ▲ 0.88% EMBRAER ADR 66.01 ▲ 0.72% JBS 11.91 ▲ 1.53% JBS BDR 60.78 ▲ 1.22% MBRF3 15.55 ▲ 0.91% MBRFY 2.97 ▼ 1.00% INTER 5.82 ▲ 1.93% EGX 52,256 ▲ 0.44% USD/ZAR 16.37 ▲ 0.18% USD/NGN 1,376 — 0.00% NIKKEI 67,787 ▼ 1.12% CSI300 4,744 ▼ 0.77% HSI 24,234 ▲ 0.24% NIFTY 24,207 ▲ 1.02% KOSPI 7,087 ▼ 5.20% JCI 5,969 ▲ 0.76% USD/JPY 162.06 ▲ 0.24% USD/CNY 6.7824 ▲ 0.23% DAX 25,067 ▼ 0.20% CAC 8,339 ▲ 0.15% FTSE 10,497 ▲ 0.24% MIB 52,614 ▲ 0.44% IBEX 19,385 ▲ 0.32% STOXX 641.10 ▲ 0.04% EUR/USD 1.1399 ▼ 0.18% GBP/USD 1.3377 ▼ 0.16% SPX 7,575 ▲ 0.42% DJI 52,637 ▲ 0.29% NDX 29,825 ▲ 0.33% RUT 2,978 ▼ 0.49% TSX 35,305 ▲ 0.30% VIX 15.03 ▼ 5.11% USD/CAD 1.4168 ▲ 0.11% US10Y 4.5690 ▲ 0.66%
since 2009
Monday, July 13, 2026

Opinion: The Curmudgeon on “A Billion Here, a Billion There…”

By · May 20, 2014 · 3 min read

Daily Brief

The morning intel from across Latin America. Free.

By subscribing you agree to our privacy policy. We never share your email.

Opinion, By Michael Royster

RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL – The Curmudgeon quotes former [U.S.] Senator Everett Dirksen (R-Ill): “A billion here, a billion there; pretty soon, you’re talking real money.” And again: “A billion here, a billion there, a billion somewhere else, three to five billion for public works. You haven’t got any budget balance left.”

One-stop reference
Company Intelligence
Every listed company in Latin America — financials, ownership and structure for 1,450+ companies across 26 exchanges, in one place.
Browse the directory →
The Curmudgeon, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil News
The Curmudgeon, also known as Michael Royster.
RT
Ask Rio Times
17 years of Latin America reporting, on demand.
Open the full Ask Rio Times →

The Curmudgeon knows these quotes are from fifty or so years ago, and that most people in the U.S. don’t think of billions as being very important nowadays; we’re into trillions or quadrillions (or perhaps Brazillions). Nevertheless, the import is still there: if you spend and spend and spend some more, and don’t have the income to cover it, pretty soon you run out of money.

“… a billion here, a billion there?” Eight years ago, Petrobras spent around US$1 billion to buy a refinery in Texas to process heavy crude oil. Around the same time, it agreed to spend US$2.5 billion to build a refinery in Pernambuco to process heavy crude oil. In the former case, it wound up processing light crude oil, with the conversion costing another half a billion. In the second case, the costs have ballooned to US$20 billion, and the refinery still hasn’t begun refining anything. A billion here, a billion there …

“… a billion on something else”? Petrobras again. Because it doesn’t have sufficient refining capacity, Petrobras has to import gasoline for people to put in the tanks of their cars. But because [President Dilma Rousseff] doesn’t want the price at the pumps to rise, Petrobras pays a higher price to import than it charges motorists. The estimate is that Petrobras spends at least US$1 billion per month in subsidizing Dilma’s election campaign.

“… three to five billion for public works”? The Lula administration began numerous public works, most of which were supposed to be finished by the end of his reign. One egregious example is the diversion of Brazil’s most important river, the São Francisco. Once “Velho Chico” reaches Petrolina, part of its water will be diverted north and east, into the arid Pernambuco sertão (not coincidentally, Lula comes from Pernambuco).

The original estimate for this job was a laughable US$4 billion, completion date 2010. The current estimate is well over US$8 billion, completion date 2018. The administration knows the final cost will double that. Geologists and climate experts know the project simply won’t work: there isn’t enough rain in the headwaters of Old Man Chico to make it viable.

“… three to five billion for public works”? Let’s not forget the dozen football stadiums now (still) being (shoddily) constructed for the impending WC (World Cup/Water Closet, take your pick). The Federal Government has (so far) flushed over US$8 billion down the WC drain. Back in 2007 when Lula won the (rigged) bid to host the WC, he said taxpayers wouldn’t have to foot any of the bill.

He knew better, or should have known better. Dilma has now admitted that Brazilian taxpayers will pay all those billions: her excuses are: (1) the government couldn’t find private supporters; and (2) after all, it’s only a few billions in a trillion dollar budget.

“A billion here, a billion there, a billion somewhere else… billions for public works.”


Michael Royster, aka THE CURMUDGEON first saw Rio forty-plus years ago, fetched up on these shores exactly 36 years ago, still loves it, notwithstanding being a charter member of the most persecuted minority in (North) America today, the WASPs (google it!)(get over it!)

Read More from The Rio Times

The Rio Times · Power Map
See who really holds power in Latin America
Click to open the Power Map

Rotate for Best Experience

This report is optimized for landscape viewing. Rotate your phone for the full experience.