IBOV 175,739 ▼ 1.20% IPSA 10,928 ▼ 1.17% IPC MEX 65,973 ▼ 0.79% MERVAL 3,235,295 ▼ 1.37% COLCAP 2,307.67 — UNCH BVL PERÚ 56,917.82 ▼ 0.86% USD/BRL5.13▼ 0.12% USD/MXN17.51▼ 0.11% USD/CLP932.70▲ 0.85% USD/COP3,247▼ 0.49% USD/PEN3.40▼ 0.23% USD/ARS1,482▼ 0.07% USD/UYU 40.22 — 0.00% USD/PYG6,045▲ 1.22% USD/BOB10.35▲ 6.04% USD/DOP58.37▲ 0.49% USD/CRC448.53▲ 1.22% USD/GTQ7.62▲ 2.07% USD/HNL26.73▲ 1.41% USD/NIO36.62▲ 0.63% USD/VES722.19▼ 0.13% USD/PAB1.00— 0.00% USD/BZD2.00— 0.00% USD/JMD157.69▲ 0.70% USD/TTD6.74▲ 1.05% EUR/BRL5.84▲ 0.35% BRENT 86.42 ▲ 3.75% WTI 80.51 ▲ 3.03% IRON ORE 161.91 — — COPPER 6.38 ▲ 2.31% GOLD 4,027 ▲ 0.76% SILVER 58.35 ▲ 1.23% SOY 1,188 ▼ 1.16% CORN 457.75 ▲ 4.57% WHEAT 633.00 ▲ 0.96% COFFEE 311.15 ▼ 8.86% SUGAR 14.78 ▲ 0.20% ORANGE JUICE 137.15 ▼ 7.24% COTTON 81.66 ▲ 2.29% COCOA 5,939 ▲ 0.34% BEEF 230.83 ▼ 1.86% CATTLE 354.20 ▼ 0.11% LITHIUM 70.24 ▼ 2.88% PETR4 40.66 ▲ 2.55% VALE3 72.85 ▼ 1.79% ITUB4 43.52 ▼ 1.76% BBDC4 18.77 ▼ 0.48% ABEV3 15.83 ▲ 0.06% BBAS3 20.24 ▼ 1.65% B3SA3 15.12 ▼ 1.95% WEGE3 44.39 ▼ 4.56% PRIO3 57.20 ▲ 3.16% SUZB3 41.49 ▼ 0.14% RENT3 40.20 ▼ 2.19% AZZA3 19.22 ▲ 0.63% CSAN3 3.90 ▼ 4.18% RAIZ4 0.33 ▼ 5.71% PCAR3 2.59 ▼ 5.13% GMAT3 3.94 ▼ 0.76% PSSA3 54.04 ▼ 1.69% CVCB3 1.25 — 0.00% POSI3 3.99 ▲ 0.50% SLCE3 13.87 ▼ 1.07% NATU3 8.60 ▼ 0.92% BRKM5 6.94 ▲ 4.68% RANI3 7.95 ▼ 0.75% CSNA3 5.24 ▲ 1.16% CMIN3 5.45 ▲ 4.21% USIM5 8.38 ▼ 0.83% GGBR4 22.82 ▼ 0.83% ENEV3 26.88 ▼ 2.43% CPFE3 46.84 ▼ 2.15% CMIG4 11.07 ▼ 2.72% EQTL3 40.21 ▼ 1.71% LREN3 14.15 ▼ 3.21% VIVT3 34.73 ▼ 2.85% RAIL3 14.11 ▼ 1.74% KLABIN 17.48 ▼ 0.34% RAIA DROGASIL 18.20 ▼ 3.04% RDOR3 35.56 ▼ 1.28% HAPV3 10.46 ▼ 1.32% FLRY3 16.15 ▼ 1.64% SMTO3 16.37 — 0.00% UGPA3 30.93 ▲ 0.72% VBBR3 32.76 ▼ 0.73% BBSE3 40.28 ▼ 0.17% BPAC11 57.52 ▼ 2.06% CURY3 33.12 ▼ 3.19% AERI3 2.08 ▼ 0.48% VIVARA 23.11 ▼ 1.79% COMPASS 24.77 ▼ 2.86% VAMOS 3.02 ▼ 1.31% SANB11 27.37 ▼ 0.91% ASAI3 8.71 ▼ 1.80% SBSP3 30.37 ▼ 2.38% WALMEX 49.66 ▲ 0.69% GMEXICO 195.76 ▼ 1.74% FEMSA 225.36 ▲ 0.92% CEMEX 21.79 ▼ 0.32% GFNORTE 181.91 ▼ 2.51% BIMBO 55.97 ▼ 0.23% TELEVISA 9.58 ▼ 1.54% AMX 22.86 ▲ 0.70% GAP 407.66 ▼ 1.17% ASUR 278.66 ▼ 2.27% OMA 232.47 ▼ 1.70% KOF 181.26 ▲ 0.62% GRUMA 281.09 ▼ 0.87% KIMBER 38.20 ▲ 0.34% SQM-B 67,211 ▼ 0.80% COPEC 6,057 ▼ 1.33% BSANTANDER 78.20 ▼ 1.01% FALABELLA 5,905 — 0.00% ENELAM 84.20 ▼ 1.41% CENCOSUD 2,040 ▼ 0.25% CMPC 1,078 ▼ 2.80% BANCO CHILE 185.00 ▼ 2.05% LATAM AIR 24.90 ▼ 5.18% YPF 77,175 ▲ 3.73% GGAL 8,095 ▼ 2.88% PAMPA 5,225 ▲ 0.87% TXAR 661.50 ▼ 1.42% ALUAR 964.50 ▼ 1.13% TGS 9,580 ▼ 0.16% CEPU 2,324 ▼ 3.01% MIRGOR 17,050 ▼ 1.16% COME 44.85 ▼ 2.31% LOMA NEGRA 3,500 ▼ 2.30% BYMA 308.25 ▼ 1.83% TELECOM ARG 4,248 ▲ 0.06% ECOPETROL 15.88 ▲ 1.93% BANCOLOMBIA 80.42 ▼ 3.05% GRUPO AVAL 4.91 ▼ 3.16% CREDICORP 389.22 ▼ 2.89% SOUTHERN COPPER 174.53 ▼ 0.74% BUENAVENTURA 29.82 ▼ 0.60% MERCADOLIBRE 1,867 ▲ 0.81% NUBANK 13.67 ▼ 0.65% XP 16.37 ▼ 3.25% PAGSEGURO 9.28 ▲ 0.32% STONE 11.15 ▼ 0.54% GLOBANT 32.12 ▲ 7.21% TECNOGLASS 42.84 ▼ 2.41% GAP AIRPORT 232.77 ▼ 1.22% ASUR 278.66 ▼ 2.27% OMA AIRPORT 106.13 ▼ 1.77% AMX ADR 26.02 ▲ 0.04% FEMSA ADR 129.01 ▲ 1.06% CEMEX ADR 12.45 ▼ 0.24% PETROBRAS ADR 17.88 ▲ 3.23% VALE ADR 14.18 ▼ 1.94% ITAU ADR 8.47 ▼ 1.74% SANTANDER BR 5.34 ▼ 1.02% AMBEV ADR 3.06 ▼ 0.33% CSN 1.03 ▲ 1.49% GERDAU 4.49 ▼ 0.22% LATAM ADR 53.33 ▼ 5.53% BTC 62,667 ▲ 0.69% ETH 1,787 ▲ 0.74% SOL 75.28 ▲ 0.56% XRP 1.07 ▲ 0.39% BNB 570.52 ▲ 0.69% ADA 0.16 ▲ 1.06% DOGE 0.07 ▲ 0.44% AVAX 6.52 ▲ 1.18% LINK 7.94 ▲ 0.82% DOT 0.84 ▲ 0.77% LTC 43.61 ▲ 0.28% BCH 235.90 ▼ 0.14% TRX 0.32 ▲ 0.13% XLM 0.18 ▼ 1.25% HBAR 0.07 ▼ 0.83% NEAR 1.99 ▲ 3.77% ATOM 1.53 ▼ 0.58% AAVE 95.59 ▲ 1.30% SELIC 14.25% EMBRAER 83.01 ▼ 1.88% EMBRAER ADR 64.48 ▼ 2.32% JBS 11.80 ▼ 0.92% JBS BDR 60.61 ▼ 0.28% MBRF3 15.72 ▲ 1.09% MBRFY 3.03 ▲ 0.33% INTER 5.65 ▼ 2.92% IBOV 175,739 ▼ 1.20% IPSA 10,928 ▼ 1.17% IPC MEX 65,973 ▼ 0.79% MERVAL 3,235,295 ▼ 1.37% COLCAP 2,307.67 — UNCH BVL PERÚ 56,917.82 ▼ 0.86% USD/BRL 5.13 ▼ 0.12% USD/MXN 17.51 ▼ 0.11% USD/CLP 932.70 ▲ 0.85% USD/COP 3,247 ▼ 0.49% USD/PEN 3.40 ▼ 0.23% USD/ARS 1,482 ▼ 0.07% USD/UYU 40.22 — 0.00% USD/PYG 6,045 ▲ 1.22% USD/BOB 10.35 ▲ 6.04% USD/DOP 58.37 ▲ 0.49% USD/CRC 448.53 ▼ 0.06% USD/GTQ 7.62 ▲ 2.07% USD/HNL 26.73 ▲ 1.41% USD/NIO 36.62 ▲ 0.63% USD/VES 722.19 ▲ 0.24% USD/PAB 1.00 — 0.00% USD/BZD 2.00 — 0.00% USD/JMD 157.69 ▲ 0.70% USD/TTD 6.74 ▲ 1.05% EUR/BRL 5.84 ▲ 0.35% BRENT 86.42 ▲ 3.75% WTI 80.51 ▲ 3.03% IRON ORE 161.91 — — COPPER 6.38 ▲ 2.31% GOLD 4,027 ▲ 0.76% SILVER 58.35 ▲ 1.23% SOY 1,188 ▼ 1.16% CORN 457.75 ▲ 4.57% WHEAT 633.00 ▲ 0.96% COFFEE 311.15 ▼ 8.86% SUGAR 14.78 ▲ 0.20% ORANGE JUICE 137.15 ▼ 7.24% COTTON 81.66 ▲ 2.29% COCOA 5,939 ▲ 0.34% BEEF 230.83 ▼ 1.86% CATTLE 354.20 ▼ 0.11% LITHIUM 70.24 ▼ 2.88% PETR4 40.66 ▲ 2.55% VALE3 72.85 ▼ 1.79% ITUB4 43.52 ▼ 1.76% BBDC4 18.77 ▼ 0.48% ABEV3 15.83 ▲ 0.06% BBAS3 20.24 ▼ 1.65% B3SA3 15.12 ▼ 1.95% WEGE3 44.39 ▼ 4.56% PRIO3 57.20 ▲ 3.16% SUZB3 41.49 ▼ 0.14% RENT3 40.20 ▼ 2.19% AZZA3 19.22 ▲ 0.63% CSAN3 3.90 ▼ 4.18% RAIZ4 0.33 ▼ 5.71% PCAR3 2.59 ▼ 5.13% GMAT3 3.94 ▼ 0.76% PSSA3 54.04 ▼ 1.69% CVCB3 1.25 — 0.00% POSI3 3.99 ▲ 0.50% SLCE3 13.87 ▼ 1.07% NATU3 8.60 ▼ 0.92% BRKM5 6.94 ▲ 4.68% RANI3 7.95 ▼ 0.75% CSNA3 5.24 ▲ 1.16% CMIN3 5.45 ▲ 4.21% USIM5 8.38 ▼ 0.83% GGBR4 22.82 ▼ 0.83% ENEV3 26.88 ▼ 2.43% CPFE3 46.84 ▼ 2.15% CMIG4 11.07 ▼ 2.72% EQTL3 40.21 ▼ 1.71% LREN3 14.15 ▼ 3.21% VIVT3 34.73 ▼ 2.85% RAIL3 14.11 ▼ 1.74% KLABIN 17.48 ▼ 0.34% RAIA DROGASIL 18.20 ▼ 3.04% RDOR3 35.56 ▼ 1.28% HAPV3 10.46 ▼ 1.32% FLRY3 16.15 ▼ 1.64% SMTO3 16.37 — 0.00% UGPA3 30.93 ▲ 0.72% VBBR3 32.76 ▼ 0.73% BBSE3 40.28 ▼ 0.17% BPAC11 57.52 ▼ 2.06% CURY3 33.12 ▼ 3.19% AERI3 2.08 ▼ 0.48% VIVARA 23.11 ▼ 1.79% COMPASS 24.77 ▼ 2.86% VAMOS 3.02 ▼ 1.31% SANB11 27.37 ▼ 0.91% ASAI3 8.71 ▼ 1.80% SBSP3 30.37 ▼ 2.38% WALMEX 49.66 ▲ 0.69% GMEXICO 195.76 ▼ 1.74% FEMSA 225.36 ▲ 0.92% CEMEX 21.79 ▼ 0.32% GFNORTE 181.91 ▼ 2.51% BIMBO 55.97 ▼ 0.23% TELEVISA 9.58 ▼ 1.54% AMX 22.86 ▲ 0.70% GAP 407.66 ▼ 1.17% ASUR 278.66 ▼ 2.27% OMA 232.47 ▼ 1.70% KOF 181.26 ▲ 0.62% GRUMA 281.09 ▼ 0.87% KIMBER 38.20 ▲ 0.34% SQM-B 67,211 ▼ 0.80% COPEC 6,057 ▼ 1.33% BSANTANDER 78.20 ▼ 1.01% FALABELLA 5,905 — 0.00% ENELAM 84.20 ▼ 1.41% CENCOSUD 2,040 ▼ 0.25% CMPC 1,078 ▼ 2.80% BANCO CHILE 185.00 ▼ 2.05% LATAM AIR 24.90 ▼ 5.18% YPF 77,175 ▲ 3.73% GGAL 8,095 ▼ 2.88% PAMPA 5,225 ▲ 0.87% TXAR 661.50 ▼ 1.42% ALUAR 964.50 ▼ 1.13% TGS 9,580 ▼ 0.16% CEPU 2,324 ▼ 3.01% MIRGOR 17,050 ▼ 1.16% COME 44.85 ▼ 2.31% LOMA NEGRA 3,500 ▼ 2.30% BYMA 308.25 ▼ 1.83% TELECOM ARG 4,248 ▲ 0.06% ECOPETROL 15.88 ▲ 1.93% BANCOLOMBIA 80.42 ▼ 3.05% GRUPO AVAL 4.91 ▼ 3.16% CREDICORP 389.22 ▼ 2.89% SOUTHERN COPPER 174.53 ▼ 0.74% BUENAVENTURA 29.82 ▼ 0.60% MERCADOLIBRE 1,867 ▲ 0.81% NUBANK 13.67 ▼ 0.65% XP 16.37 ▼ 3.25% PAGSEGURO 9.28 ▲ 0.32% STONE 11.15 ▼ 0.54% GLOBANT 32.12 ▲ 7.21% TECNOGLASS 42.84 ▼ 2.41% GAP AIRPORT 232.77 ▼ 1.22% ASUR 278.66 ▼ 2.27% OMA AIRPORT 106.13 ▼ 1.77% AMX ADR 26.02 ▲ 0.04% FEMSA ADR 129.01 ▲ 1.06% CEMEX ADR 12.45 ▼ 0.24% PETROBRAS ADR 17.88 ▲ 3.23% VALE ADR 14.18 ▼ 1.94% ITAU ADR 8.47 ▼ 1.74% SANTANDER BR 5.34 ▼ 1.02% AMBEV ADR 3.06 ▼ 0.33% CSN 1.03 ▲ 1.49% GERDAU 4.49 ▼ 0.22% LATAM ADR 53.33 ▼ 5.53% BTC 62,667 ▲ 0.69% ETH 1,787 ▲ 0.74% SOL 75.28 ▲ 0.56% XRP 1.07 ▲ 0.39% BNB 570.52 ▲ 0.69% ADA 0.16 ▲ 1.06% DOGE 0.07 ▲ 0.44% AVAX 6.52 ▲ 1.18% LINK 7.94 ▲ 0.82% DOT 0.84 ▲ 0.77% LTC 43.61 ▲ 0.28% BCH 235.90 ▼ 0.14% TRX 0.32 ▲ 0.13% XLM 0.18 ▼ 1.25% HBAR 0.07 ▼ 0.83% NEAR 1.99 ▲ 3.77% ATOM 1.53 ▼ 0.58% AAVE 95.59 ▲ 1.30% SELIC 14.25% EMBRAER 83.01 ▼ 1.88% EMBRAER ADR 64.48 ▼ 2.32% JBS 11.80 ▼ 0.92% JBS BDR 60.61 ▼ 0.28% MBRF3 15.72 ▲ 1.09% MBRFY 3.03 ▲ 0.33% INTER 5.65 ▼ 2.92%
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Opinion: Happy Anniversary … Not!

By · June 22, 2021 · 3 min read

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RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL – (Opinion) Saturday, June 19, the city of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, where I now live, celebrated 165 years since its founding in 1856 with an official local holiday. Happy Anniversary!

Saturday, June 19, the United States of America, where I was born and raised, celebrated 156 years since the announcement, in Galveston, Texas, of General Order No. 3 proclaiming the emancipation of all slaves. Happy Anniversary!

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Saturday, June 19, the country of Brazil, where I have lived for almost 50 years, marked 465 days since the first of 500,000+ coronavirus deaths; there was nothing to celebrate. Unhappy Anniversary!

Saturday, June 19, the streets of many Brazilian cities hosted thousands of demonstrators decrying the deaths and the anti-science, anti-vaccine campaigns of Brazil’s leader Jair Bolsonaro.

The Bolsonaro administration, unsurprisingly, did find cause for celebration. Communications Minister Fábio Faria criticized politicians, celebrities, and journalists for “lamenting” the half-million deaths, rather than “commemorating” the application of 86 million vaccine doses, or the 18 million people “cured” of the coronavirus.

Let us consider the administration’s claims.

Brazil has topped half a million deaths from Covid-19, and is still averaging over 2,000 deaths per day; the U.S. daily average is 400 and falling. At this rate, Brazil should surpass the U.S. in number of deaths well before the end of this year.

There is one principal cause behind this unmitigated disaster: Jair Bolsonaro’s unshakable, unscientific belief that “herd immunity by contamination” is the best way to overcome the pandemic.

The theory of “herd immunity by contamination” was a corollary of the “vertical confinement” alternative to social distancing – only those above a certain age (60+) should be confined, while others should work, because (supposedly) younger people are more resistant and would not be seriously affected, let alone die.

Spain and Italy tried vertical confinement, with disastrous consequences, and abandoned it long before the appearance of new and more deadly coronavirus variants that are demonstrably fatal to younger people, as is shown daily in Brazil.

Bolsonaro continues to believe in herd immunity by contamination, in spite of the corpses that prove him wrong.

The other causes of Brazil’s public health disaster – the lack of vaccines; the lack of intensive care units; the lack of respect for protective measures such as masks and social distancing; the propaganda for quack medicine and “preventive treatment” – are also directly attributable to Bolsonaro and his ministers.

Minister Faria’s “commemoration” of 86 million vaccinations is misleading, as it incorrectly adds together the 63 million first doses and the 23 million second doses applied. The absolute minimum percentage for achieving herd immunity (through vaccination) is when 50% of the population have received both doses – but only 11% of Brazilians have so far had both.

Further, Faria’s “commemoration” of 18 million “cured” patients is simply a lie. No one has been “cured” of Covid-19, because there is no cure. There is no cure for the common cold, for polio, for measles, for HIV, nor for any viral disease – there is recovery through treatment of symptoms or prevention through mass vaccination.

After the “commemorations”, three important questions remain unanswered:

1) Does Bolsonaro’s mishandling of the pandemic constitute a crime under Brazilian law or even the crime of “genocide” under international law?

2) Does Bolsonaro’s mishandling of the pandemic constitute a political “crime of accountability” subjecting him to impeachment under Brazil’s constitution?

3) Will the Senate “Covid CPI” inquiry bear fruit, or will it be merely another soapbox platform for grandstanding politicians?

We will explore these questions further in other essays.

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