IBOV 176,641 ▼ 0.69% IPSA 11,024 ▲ 1.05% IPC MEX 66,514 ▲ 0.82% MERVAL 3,229,324 ▼ 1.55% COLCAP 2,298.73 ▼ 0.39% BVL PERÚ 56,428.20 ▲ 1.32% USD/BRL5.07▼ 1.23% USD/MXN17.41▼ 0.71% USD/CLP925.95▼ 0.75% USD/COP3,249▼ 0.42% USD/PEN3.41▼ 0.04% USD/ARS1,470▼ 0.88% USD/UYU40.23▲ 0.99% USD/PYG6,039▲ 1.12% USD/BOB10.35▲ 6.04% USD/DOP58.20▲ 0.20% USD/CRC448.93▲ 1.31% USD/GTQ7.62▲ 2.07% USD/HNL26.73▲ 1.38% USD/NIO36.62▲ 0.63% USD/VES722.19▼ 0.13% USD/PAB1.00— 0.00% USD/BZD2.00— 0.00% USD/JMD157.59▲ 0.64% USD/TTD6.75▲ 1.19% EUR/BRL5.79▼ 0.44% BRENT 86.01 ▲ 1.51% WTI 80.30 ▲ 1.21% IRON ORE 161.91 — — COPPER 6.38 ▲ 0.85% GOLD 4,042 ▼ 0.47% SILVER 58.89 ▲ 0.20% SOY 1,195 ▼ 1.01% CORN 461.00 ▲ 6.28% WHEAT 645.50 ▲ 2.26% COFFEE 327.00 ▼ 4.22% SUGAR 14.92 ▲ 1.15% ORANGE JUICE 140.90 ▼ 1.16% COTTON 81.68 ▲ 2.32% COCOA 5,936 ▲ 4.21% BEEF 231.58 ▼ 1.34% CATTLE 349.63 ▼ 1.33% LITHIUM 71.58 ▲ 1.91% PETR4 40.66 — 0.00% VALE3 74.01 ▲ 1.59% ITUB4 43.63 ▲ 0.25% BBDC4 18.63 ▼ 0.75% ABEV3 15.81 ▼ 0.13% BBAS3 20.59 ▲ 1.73% B3SA3 15.33 ▲ 1.39% WEGE3 44.20 ▼ 0.43% PRIO3 57.57 ▲ 0.65% SUZB3 41.11 ▼ 0.92% RENT3 40.54 ▲ 0.85% AZZA3 18.85 ▼ 1.93% CSAN3 3.89 ▼ 0.26% RAIZ4 0.31 ▼ 6.06% PCAR3 2.45 ▼ 5.41% GMAT3 3.96 ▲ 0.51% PSSA3 54.29 ▲ 0.46% CVCB3 1.38 ▲ 10.40% POSI3 3.99 — 0.00% SLCE3 13.81 ▼ 0.43% NATU3 8.55 ▼ 0.58% BRKM5 6.83 ▼ 1.59% RANI3 8.01 ▲ 0.75% CSNA3 5.20 ▼ 0.76% CMIN3 5.10 ▼ 6.42% USIM5 8.23 ▼ 1.79% GGBR4 23.32 ▲ 2.19% ENEV3 27.17 ▲ 1.08% CPFE3 47.20 ▲ 0.77% CMIG4 11.20 ▲ 1.17% EQTL3 40.95 ▲ 1.84% LREN3 14.29 ▲ 0.99% VIVT3 35.52 ▲ 2.27% RAIL3 14.13 ▲ 0.14% KLABIN 17.32 ▼ 0.92% RAIA DROGASIL 18.60 ▲ 2.20% RDOR3 36.05 ▲ 1.38% HAPV3 11.19 ▲ 6.98% FLRY3 16.41 ▲ 1.61% SMTO3 16.12 ▼ 1.53% UGPA3 30.11 ▼ 2.65% VBBR3 33.30 ▲ 1.65% BBSE3 40.39 ▲ 0.27% BPAC11 57.95 ▲ 0.75% CURY3 33.59 ▲ 1.42% AERI3 2.07 ▼ 0.48% VIVARA 23.43 ▲ 1.38% COMPASS 25.20 ▲ 1.74% VAMOS 3.15 ▲ 4.30% SANB11 27.34 ▼ 0.11% ASAI3 8.66 ▼ 0.57% SBSP3 30.34 ▼ 0.10% WALMEX 49.32 ▼ 0.66% GMEXICO 199.61 ▲ 2.06% FEMSA 232.52 ▲ 3.18% CEMEX 22.24 ▲ 2.11% GFNORTE 186.00 ▲ 2.16% BIMBO 56.55 ▲ 1.22% TELEVISA 9.49 ▼ 1.25% AMX 22.83 ▲ 1.06% GAP 394.05 ▼ 3.46% ASUR 275.61 ▼ 1.09% OMA 235.49 ▲ 0.93% KOF 180.00 ▼ 0.92% GRUMA 280.31 ▼ 0.38% KIMBER 38.53 ▲ 0.81% SQM-B 67,900 ▲ 1.03% COPEC 6,210 ▲ 2.52% BSANTANDER 78.64 ▲ 0.56% FALABELLA 5,875 ▼ 0.51% ENELAM 85.75 ▲ 1.84% CENCOSUD 2,040 — 0.00% CMPC 1,103 ▲ 2.32% BANCO CHILE 189.50 ▲ 2.43% LATAM AIR 24.90 — 0.00% YPF 77,775 ▲ 0.78% GGAL 7,910 ▼ 2.10% PAMPA 5,230 ▲ 0.10% TXAR 665.00 ▲ 0.08% ALUAR 949.00 ▼ 1.61% TGS 9,710 ▲ 1.46% CEPU 2,327 ▲ 0.35% MIRGOR 16,750 ▼ 1.47% COME 45.75 ▲ 2.17% LOMA NEGRA 3,540 ▲ 1.22% BYMA 302.50 ▼ 1.87% TELECOM ARG 4,333 ▲ 1.94% ECOPETROL 16.16 ▲ 1.76% BANCOLOMBIA 82.10 ▲ 2.09% GRUPO AVAL 4.95 ▲ 0.81% CREDICORP 392.24 ▲ 0.78% SOUTHERN COPPER 182.38 ▲ 4.50% BUENAVENTURA 31.03 ▲ 4.06% MERCADOLIBRE 1,874 ▲ 0.35% NUBANK 13.99 ▲ 2.34% XP 16.87 ▲ 3.05% PAGSEGURO 9.28 — 0.00% STONE 11.30 ▲ 1.35% GLOBANT 30.92 ▼ 3.74% TECNOGLASS 44.19 ▲ 3.15% GAP AIRPORT 225.95 ▼ 2.93% ASUR 275.61 ▼ 1.09% OMA AIRPORT 107.64 ▲ 1.42% AMX ADR 26.18 ▲ 0.58% FEMSA ADR 133.17 ▲ 3.22% CEMEX ADR 12.80 ▲ 2.81% PETROBRAS ADR 17.92 ▲ 0.22% VALE ADR 14.59 ▲ 2.89% ITAU ADR 8.55 ▲ 0.94% SANTANDER BR 5.40 ▲ 0.84% AMBEV ADR 3.09 ▲ 0.98% CSN 1.04 ▲ 0.49% GERDAU 4.61 ▲ 2.67% LATAM ADR 53.51 ▲ 0.34% BTC 64,577 ▲ 3.76% ETH 1,868 ▲ 5.32% SOL 77.37 ▲ 3.35% XRP 1.10 ▲ 3.20% BNB 580.41 ▲ 2.43% ADA 0.16 ▲ 3.41% DOGE 0.07 ▲ 2.66% AVAX 6.61 ▲ 2.57% LINK 8.27 ▲ 5.03% DOT 0.85 ▲ 1.85% LTC 44.67 ▲ 2.72% BCH 231.85 ▼ 1.86% TRX 0.33 ▲ 0.54% XLM 0.18 ▲ 0.92% HBAR 0.07 ▲ 1.17% NEAR 2.01 ▲ 5.02% ATOM 1.57 ▲ 1.95% AAVE 98.37 ▲ 4.25% SELIC 14.25% EMBRAER 82.49 ▼ 0.63% EMBRAER ADR 64.91 ▲ 0.67% JBS 11.83 ▲ 0.25% JBS BDR 59.75 ▼ 1.42% MBRF3 16.09 ▲ 2.35% MBRFY 3.14 ▲ 2.95% INTER 5.70 ▲ 0.89% EGX 52,299 ▼ 0.59% USD/ZAR16.35▼ 0.77% USD/NGN 1,381 — 0.00% NIKKEI 68,354 ▲ 0.90% CSI300 4,809 ▲ 0.26% HSI 24,676 ▲ 1.38% NIFTY 24,052 ▼ 0.66% KOSPI 7,339 ▲ 7.03% JCI 6,048 ▲ 0.13% USD/JPY162.10▼ 0.21% USD/CNY6.77▼ 0.18% DAX 25,147 ▲ 0.13% CAC 8,367 ▲ 0.03% FTSE 10,529 ▲ 0.30% MIB 52,863 ▲ 0.10% IBEX 19,357 ▲ 0.11% STOXX 642.10 ▲ 0.17% EUR/USD1.14▲ 0.54% GBP/USD1.34▲ 0.15% SPX 7,544 ▲ 0.38% DJI 52,508 ▲ 0.02% NDX 29,586 ▲ 1.10% RUT 2,965 ▲ 0.39% TSX 35,321 ▲ 0.19% VIX 16.50 ▼ 3.85% USD/CAD1.40▼ 0.79% US10Y 4.5850 ▼ 0.52% IBOV 176,641 ▼ 0.69% IPSA 11,024 ▲ 1.05% IPC MEX 66,514 ▲ 0.82% MERVAL 3,229,324 ▼ 1.55% COLCAP 2,298.73 ▼ 0.39% BVL PERÚ 56,428.20 ▲ 1.32% USD/BRL 5.07 ▼ 1.23% USD/MXN 17.41 ▼ 0.71% USD/CLP 925.95 ▼ 0.75% USD/COP 3,249 ▼ 0.42% USD/PEN 3.41 ▼ 0.04% USD/ARS 1,470 ▼ 0.88% USD/UYU 40.23 ▲ 0.99% USD/PYG 6,039 ▲ 1.12% USD/BOB 10.35 ▲ 6.04% USD/DOP 58.20 ▲ 0.20% USD/CRC 448.93 ▲ 1.31% USD/GTQ 7.62 ▲ 2.07% USD/HNL 26.73 ▲ 1.38% USD/NIO 36.62 ▲ 0.63% USD/VES 722.19 ▼ 0.13% USD/PAB 1.00 — 0.00% USD/BZD 2.00 — 0.00% USD/JMD 157.59 ▲ 0.64% USD/TTD 6.75 ▲ 1.19% EUR/BRL 5.79 ▼ 0.44% BRENT 86.01 ▲ 1.51% WTI 80.30 ▲ 1.21% IRON ORE 161.91 — — COPPER 6.38 ▲ 0.85% GOLD 4,042 ▼ 0.47% SILVER 58.89 ▲ 0.20% SOY 1,195 ▼ 1.01% CORN 461.00 ▲ 6.28% WHEAT 645.50 ▲ 2.26% COFFEE 327.00 ▼ 4.22% SUGAR 14.92 ▲ 1.15% ORANGE JUICE 140.90 ▼ 1.16% COTTON 81.68 ▲ 2.32% COCOA 5,936 ▲ 4.21% BEEF 231.58 ▼ 1.34% CATTLE 349.63 ▼ 1.33% LITHIUM 71.58 ▲ 1.91% PETR4 40.66 — 0.00% VALE3 74.01 ▲ 1.59% ITUB4 43.63 ▲ 0.25% BBDC4 18.63 ▼ 0.75% ABEV3 15.81 ▼ 0.13% BBAS3 20.59 ▲ 1.73% B3SA3 15.33 ▲ 1.39% WEGE3 44.20 ▼ 0.43% PRIO3 57.57 ▲ 0.65% SUZB3 41.11 ▼ 0.92% RENT3 40.54 ▲ 0.85% AZZA3 18.85 ▼ 1.93% CSAN3 3.89 ▼ 0.26% RAIZ4 0.31 ▼ 6.06% PCAR3 2.45 ▼ 5.41% GMAT3 3.96 ▲ 0.51% PSSA3 54.29 ▲ 0.46% CVCB3 1.38 ▲ 10.40% POSI3 3.99 — 0.00% SLCE3 13.81 ▼ 0.43% NATU3 8.55 ▼ 0.58% BRKM5 6.83 ▼ 1.59% RANI3 8.01 ▲ 0.75% CSNA3 5.20 ▼ 0.76% CMIN3 5.10 ▼ 6.42% USIM5 8.23 ▼ 1.79% GGBR4 23.32 ▲ 2.19% ENEV3 27.17 ▲ 1.08% CPFE3 47.20 ▲ 0.77% CMIG4 11.20 ▲ 1.17% EQTL3 40.95 ▲ 1.84% LREN3 14.29 ▲ 0.99% VIVT3 35.52 ▲ 2.27% RAIL3 14.13 ▲ 0.14% KLABIN 17.32 ▼ 0.92% RAIA DROGASIL 18.60 ▲ 2.20% RDOR3 36.05 ▲ 1.38% HAPV3 11.19 ▲ 6.98% FLRY3 16.41 ▲ 1.61% SMTO3 16.12 ▼ 1.53% UGPA3 30.11 ▼ 2.65% VBBR3 33.30 ▲ 1.65% BBSE3 40.39 ▲ 0.27% BPAC11 57.95 ▲ 0.75% CURY3 33.59 ▲ 1.42% AERI3 2.07 ▼ 0.48% VIVARA 23.43 ▲ 1.38% COMPASS 25.20 ▲ 1.74% VAMOS 3.15 ▲ 4.30% SANB11 27.34 ▼ 0.11% ASAI3 8.66 ▼ 0.57% SBSP3 30.34 ▼ 0.10% WALMEX 49.32 ▼ 0.66% GMEXICO 199.61 ▲ 2.06% FEMSA 232.52 ▲ 3.18% CEMEX 22.24 ▲ 2.11% GFNORTE 186.00 ▲ 2.16% BIMBO 56.55 ▲ 1.22% TELEVISA 9.49 ▼ 1.25% AMX 22.83 ▲ 1.06% GAP 394.05 ▼ 3.46% ASUR 275.61 ▼ 1.09% OMA 235.49 ▲ 0.93% KOF 180.00 ▼ 0.92% GRUMA 280.31 ▼ 0.38% KIMBER 38.53 ▲ 0.81% SQM-B 67,900 ▲ 1.03% COPEC 6,210 ▲ 2.52% BSANTANDER 78.64 ▲ 0.56% FALABELLA 5,875 ▼ 0.51% ENELAM 85.75 ▲ 1.84% CENCOSUD 2,040 — 0.00% CMPC 1,103 ▲ 2.32% BANCO CHILE 189.50 ▲ 2.43% LATAM AIR 24.90 — 0.00% YPF 77,775 ▲ 0.78% GGAL 7,910 ▼ 2.10% PAMPA 5,230 ▲ 0.10% TXAR 665.00 ▲ 0.08% ALUAR 949.00 ▼ 1.61% TGS 9,710 ▲ 1.46% CEPU 2,327 ▲ 0.35% MIRGOR 16,750 ▼ 1.47% COME 45.75 ▲ 2.17% LOMA NEGRA 3,540 ▲ 1.22% BYMA 302.50 ▼ 1.87% TELECOM ARG 4,333 ▲ 1.94% ECOPETROL 16.16 ▲ 1.76% BANCOLOMBIA 82.10 ▲ 2.09% GRUPO AVAL 4.95 ▲ 0.81% CREDICORP 392.24 ▲ 0.78% SOUTHERN COPPER 182.38 ▲ 4.50% BUENAVENTURA 31.03 ▲ 4.06% MERCADOLIBRE 1,874 ▲ 0.35% NUBANK 13.99 ▲ 2.34% XP 16.87 ▲ 3.05% PAGSEGURO 9.28 — 0.00% STONE 11.30 ▲ 1.35% GLOBANT 30.92 ▼ 3.74% TECNOGLASS 44.19 ▲ 3.15% GAP AIRPORT 225.95 ▼ 2.93% ASUR 275.61 ▼ 1.09% OMA AIRPORT 107.64 ▲ 1.42% AMX ADR 26.18 ▲ 0.58% FEMSA ADR 133.17 ▲ 3.22% CEMEX ADR 12.80 ▲ 2.81% PETROBRAS ADR 17.92 ▲ 0.22% VALE ADR 14.59 ▲ 2.89% ITAU ADR 8.55 ▲ 0.94% SANTANDER BR 5.40 ▲ 0.84% AMBEV ADR 3.09 ▲ 0.98% CSN 1.04 ▲ 0.49% GERDAU 4.61 ▲ 2.67% LATAM ADR 53.51 ▲ 0.34% BTC 64,577 ▲ 3.76% ETH 1,868 ▲ 5.32% SOL 77.37 ▲ 3.35% XRP 1.10 ▲ 3.20% BNB 580.41 ▲ 2.43% ADA 0.16 ▲ 3.41% DOGE 0.07 ▲ 2.66% AVAX 6.61 ▲ 2.57% LINK 8.27 ▲ 5.03% DOT 0.85 ▲ 1.85% LTC 44.67 ▲ 2.72% BCH 231.85 ▼ 1.86% TRX 0.33 ▲ 0.54% XLM 0.18 ▲ 0.92% HBAR 0.07 ▲ 1.17% NEAR 2.01 ▲ 5.02% ATOM 1.57 ▲ 1.95% AAVE 98.37 ▲ 4.25% SELIC 14.25% EMBRAER 82.49 ▼ 0.63% EMBRAER ADR 64.91 ▲ 0.67% JBS 11.83 ▲ 0.25% JBS BDR 59.75 ▼ 1.42% MBRF3 16.09 ▲ 2.35% MBRFY 3.14 ▲ 2.95% INTER 5.70 ▲ 0.89% EGX 52,299 ▼ 0.59% USD/ZAR 16.35 ▲ 0.06% USD/NGN 1,381 — 0.00% NIKKEI 68,354 ▲ 0.90% CSI300 4,809 ▲ 0.26% HSI 24,676 ▲ 1.38% NIFTY 24,052 ▼ 0.66% KOSPI 7,339 ▲ 7.03% JCI 6,048 ▲ 0.13% USD/JPY 162.10 ▼ 0.05% USD/CNY 6.7682 ▲ 0.09% DAX 25,147 ▲ 0.13% CAC 8,367 ▲ 0.03% FTSE 10,529 ▲ 0.30% MIB 52,863 ▲ 0.10% IBEX 19,357 ▲ 0.11% STOXX 642.10 ▲ 0.17% EUR/USD 1.1443 ▲ 0.16% GBP/USD 1.3407 ▲ 0.15% SPX 7,544 ▲ 0.38% DJI 52,508 ▲ 0.02% NDX 29,586 ▲ 1.10% RUT 2,965 ▲ 0.39% TSX 35,321 ▲ 0.19% VIX 16.50 ▼ 3.85% USD/CAD 1.4040 ▼ 0.15% US10Y 4.5850 ▼ 0.52%
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Wednesday, July 15, 2026

Pfizer had evidence of suppressed immune system from vaccination already early 2021 – documents

By · April 20, 2022 · 5 min read

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RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL – In a 55,000-page set of documents released beginning or March 2022, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA’s) Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER) was for the first time allowing the public to access data Pfizer submitted to FDA from its clinical trials in support of a Covid-19 vaccine license.

This follows U.S. District Judge Mark T. Pittman’s decision on January 6 to deny the request from the FDA to suppress the data for the next 75 years, which the agency claimed was necessary, in part, because of its “limited resources.”

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As expected, the now significantly accelerated publication of Pfizer documents in the U.S. brings a steady stream of new findings – most of them anything but positive.

For example, a document published by the pharmaceutical giant on March 24, 2022, reveals that they were well aware of the immunosuppressive property of the mRNA vaccine against Covid-19.

The document is dated May 2021 and represents a request for “priority review” designation with the FDA – ultimately, for an expedited review by the agency.

In addition to noting that younger people are indeed increasingly affected by adverse reactions to the vaccine (i.e., those who are not at risk from Covid), it contains an exceedingly interesting paragraph:

“Clinical laboratory evaluations showed a transient decrease in lymphocytes that was observed in all age and dose groups after Dose 1, which resolved within approximately one week, were not associated with any other clinical sequelae, and were not considered clinically relevant.

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) vaccines are known to induce type I interferon, and type I interferons regulate lymphocyte recirculation and are associated with transient migration and/or redistribution of lymphocytes. This rapid rebound of lymphocytes supports that the lymphocytes are not depleted, but temporarily migrated out of the peripheral blood, and subsequently re-entered the bloodstream by the time of the next assessment.”

Source (pp. 8-9)

To summarize: Clinical laboratory studies have shown an alleged temporary decrease in lymphocytes in all age and dosage groups after the first vaccination (read: suppression of the immune system).

According to Pfizer, this is said to have regressed after one week. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) vaccines are known to induce type I interferon, which regulates lymphocyte recirculation and is associated with transient migration or redistribution of lymphocytes. The observed decrease in lymphocytes is not considered clinically relevant.

Experts and physicians worldwide now note that vaccination appears to result in longer-term dysregulation of the immune system. The consequences are not only flare-ups of viral infections but also a massive increase in cancer among vaccinated individuals.

So how should we evaluate the statement that the observation of a suppressed immune system immediately after vaccination is clinically “not relevant” (and accordingly probably not worthy of detailed research)?

The fact is that even a short-term impairment of the immune system can have severe consequences, especially for vulnerable groups. Pfizer’s study data already indicated that vaccinated individuals were more likely to contract covid shortly after the shot than unvaccinated individuals:

Suspected COVID-19 cases that occurred within seven days after any vaccination was 409 in the vaccine group vs. 287 in the placebo group.

Source (p. 41)

Pfizer blamed this on possible vaccine reactions, the symptoms of which were perhaps falsely attributed to Covid; however, this cannot be proven.

It is interesting to note that in the USA, as in Germany, vaccinees are generally not considered “vaccinated” until 14 days after their second dose – which means that a possible increase in Covid infections in the newly vaccinated could be attributed to the unvaccinated.

UNTOLD PFIZER STORY

It’s little wonder pharmaceutical giant Pfizer was the first to be granted permission to proceed with manufacturing experimental Covid vaccines for use in America. After all, they donated between US$1 million and US$5 million to the Clinton Foundation and spent a portion of its US$23.1 million in lobbying expenses from 2009 alone on issues at the Obama State Department.

Here a list of crimes of the enterprise which was allowed to produce Covid vaccines:

  • In 2009, Pfizer received the biggest fine in U.S. history as part of a US$2.3 Billion plea deal with federal prosecutors for mispromoting medicines (Bextra, Celebrex) and paying kickbacks to compliant doctors. Pfizer pleaded guilty to misbranding the painkiller Bextra by promoting the drug for uses for which it was not approved.
  • In the 1990s, Pfizer was involved in defective heart valves that led to the deaths of more than 100 people. Pfizer had deliberately misled regulators about the hazards. The company agreed to pay US$10.75 Million to settle justice department charges for misleading regulators.
  • Pfizer paid more than US$60 Million to settle a lawsuit over Rezulin, a diabetes medication that caused patients to die from acute liver failure.
  • In the UK, Pfizer has been fined nearly €90 Million for overcharging the NHS, the National Health Service. Pfizer charged the taxpayer an additional €48 Million per year for what should have cost €2 million per year.
  • Pfizer agreed to pay US$430 Million in 2004 to settle criminal charges that it had bribed doctors to prescribe its epilepsy drug Neurontin for indications for which it was not approved.
  • In 2011, a jury found Pfizer committed racketeering fraud in its marketing of the drug Neurontin. Pfizer agreed to pay US$142.1 Million to settle the charges.
  • Pfizer disclosed that it had paid nearly 4,500 doctors and other medical professionals some US$20 Million for speaking on Pfizer’s behalf.
  • In 2012, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission announced that it had reached a US$45 Million settlement with Pfizer to resolve charges that its subsidiaries had bribed overseas doctors and other healthcare professionals to increase foreign sales.
  • Pfizer was sued in a U.S. federal court for using Nigerian children as human guinea pigs, without the childrens’ parents’ consent. Pfizer paid US$75 Million to settle in Nigerian court for using an experimental antibiotic, Trovan, on the children.
  • The company paid an additional undisclosed amount in the U.S. to settle charges here. Pfizer had violated international law, including the Nuremberg Convention established after WWII, due to Nazi experiments on unwilling prisoners.

Amid widespread criticism of gouging poor countries for drugs, Pfizer pledged to give US$50 million for an AIDS drug to South Africa. Later, however, Pfizer failed to honor that promise.

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