The International Monetary Fund (IMF) forecasts an improvement in Brazil’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) for 2023.
Despite this, the IMF says Brazil will stay at the eighth spot in a list that ranks countries by their purchasing power.
The IMF’s report, known as the Global Economic Outlook, highlights some reasons for this forecast.
One is a strong farming sector. Another is a resilient services industry. These two sectors are helping Brazil’s economy grow by an estimated 3.1% this year.
Earlier, the IMF had projected growth rates of 2.1% in July and 0.9% in April. What is GDP? It measures a country’s total annual production of goods and services.
According to Brazil’s Institute of Geography and Statistics, this is how we know how well an economy is doing.
There are two ways to compare countries by their GDP. The first is using current U.S. dollars.
By this measure, Brazil is moving up to ninth place in the world. However, currency changes can affect this ranking.
For example, if Brazil’s currency, the Real, loses value, then its GDP in dollars decreases.
Another way to rank countries is by purchasing power, adjusted for living costs. This measure is often considered more fair.
Here, Brazil is holding steady at the eighth position. It’s expected to remain there until at least 2028.
Purchasing Power Index
Experts use both these measures for different reasons. Alex Agostini, a leading economist, says both are important.
He explains that GDP in current dollars helps investors decide where to put their money. On the other hand, purchasing power shows a country’s potential for growth more accurately.
Lastly, Fabio Bentes, another economist, thinks Brazil’s steady rank is due to slow growth over the last decade.
“We’ve only grown about 0.5% per year since 2014,” he says. Before the pandemic, Brazil’s yearly growth was just 1.5%. In contrast, Brazil saw a 4% annual growth rate in the decade before 2014.