IBOV 177,866 ▲ 2.97% IPSA 11,057 ▲ 0.28% IPC MEX 66,496 ▲ 0.59% MERVAL 3,280,224 ▲ 2.43% COLCAP 2,307.67 ▲ 0.65% BVL PERÚ 56,194.27 ▲ 1.29% USD/BRL5.11▼ 0.04% USD/MXN17.50▲ 0.18% USD/CLP923.90▼ 0.41% USD/COP3,242▼ 0.13% USD/PEN3.41▲ 0.44% USD/ARS1,487▼ 0.03% USD/UYU40.22▲ 1.37% USD/PYG6,055▲ 1.45% USD/BOB10.14▲ 4.01% USD/DOP58.61▲ 0.22% USD/CRC448.82▲ 1.41% USD/GTQ7.63▲ 2.31% USD/HNL26.72▲ 0.09% USD/NIO 36.62 — 0.00% USD/VES719.54▼ 0.13% USD/PAB1.00— 0.00% USD/BZD2.00— 0.00% USD/JMD158.09▲ 0.40% USD/TTD6.75▲ 1.44% EUR/BRL5.82▼ 0.79% BRENT 79.30 ▲ 4.33% WTI 74.55 ▲ 4.40% IRON ORE 161.91 — — COPPER 6.21 ▼ 0.34% GOLD 4,068 ▼ 0.88% SILVER 58.60 ▼ 2.03% SOY 1,197 — 0.00% CORN 467.75 ▲ 6.79% WHEAT 644.50 ▲ 1.98% COFFEE 318.60 ▼ 10.74% SUGAR 14.86 ▼ 1.72% ORANGE JUICE 143.25 ▼ 4.44% COTTON 80.87 ▲ 6.18% COCOA 6,100 ▼ 3.31% BEEF 235.20 ▼ 0.02% CATTLE 354.60 ▼ 0.44% LITHIUM 72.32 ▼ 0.69% PETR4 39.65 ▲ 1.12% VALE3 74.18 ▲ 1.41% ITUB4 44.30 ▲ 4.02% BBDC4 18.86 ▲ 4.78% ABEV3 15.82 ▲ 0.64% BBAS3 20.58 ▲ 2.90% B3SA3 15.42 ▲ 4.26% WEGE3 46.51 ▲ 1.68% PRIO3 55.45 ▼ 0.29% SUZB3 41.55 ▲ 1.27% RENT3 41.10 ▲ 4.31% AZZA3 19.10 ▲ 3.47% CSAN3 4.07 ▲ 5.44% RAIZ4 0.35 ▼ 5.41% PCAR3 2.73 ▼ 1.09% GMAT3 3.97 ▲ 1.02% PSSA3 54.97 ▲ 3.04% CVCB3 1.25 — 0.00% POSI3 3.97 ▲ 3.12% SLCE3 14.02 ▲ 1.67% NATU3 8.68 ▲ 2.60% BRKM5 6.63 ▲ 4.25% RANI3 8.01 ▲ 1.91% CSNA3 5.18 ▲ 7.92% CMIN3 5.23 ▲ 8.28% USIM5 8.45 ▲ 1.20% GGBR4 23.01 ▲ 2.36% ENEV3 27.55 ▲ 5.15% CPFE3 47.87 ▲ 3.41% CMIG4 11.38 ▲ 2.71% EQTL3 40.91 ▲ 3.54% LREN3 14.62 ▲ 3.32% VIVT3 35.75 ▲ 3.62% RAIL3 14.36 ▲ 4.44% KLABIN 17.54 ▲ 0.80% RAIA DROGASIL 18.77 ▲ 3.53% RDOR3 36.02 ▲ 2.48% HAPV3 10.60 ▲ 5.26% FLRY3 16.42 ▲ 4.25% SMTO3 16.37 ▲ 1.99% UGPA3 30.71 ▲ 2.03% VBBR3 33.00 ▲ 2.80% BBSE3 40.35 ▲ 2.72% BPAC11 58.73 ▲ 5.48% CURY3 34.21 ▲ 4.62% AERI3 2.09 ▲ 1.46% VIVARA 23.53 ▲ 4.21% COMPASS 25.50 ▲ 3.32% VAMOS 3.06 ▲ 3.38% SANB11 27.62 ▲ 5.22% ASAI3 8.87 ▲ 4.85% SBSP3 31.11 ▲ 3.70% WALMEX 49.31 ▲ 0.59% GMEXICO 198.62 ▲ 1.68% FEMSA 223.20 ▲ 0.37% CEMEX 21.82 ▲ 0.51% GFNORTE 186.51 ▲ 0.63% BIMBO 56.06 ▲ 0.23% TELEVISA 9.74 ▲ 2.63% AMX 22.70 ▲ 0.27% GAP 412.01 ▼ 0.41% ASUR 285.12 ▲ 0.53% OMA 235.73 ▼ 0.95% KOF 182.08 ▲ 0.65% GRUMA 282.99 ▲ 0.14% KIMBER 38.13 ▼ 0.81% SQM-B 67,750 ▼ 1.95% COPEC 6,139 ▲ 1.98% BSANTANDER 79.00 ▲ 1.94% FALABELLA 5,905 ▲ 0.92% ENELAM 85.40 ▲ 1.47% CENCOSUD 2,045 ▼ 0.55% CMPC 1,109 ▲ 1.32% BANCO CHILE 188.88 ▲ 1.01% LATAM AIR 26.26 ▼ 0.53% YPF 74,450 ▼ 1.75% GGAL 8,350 ▲ 5.96% PAMPA 5,185 ▼ 0.38% TXAR 671.00 ▲ 0.98% ALUAR 978.00 ▲ 0.98% TGS 9,610 ▲ 3.22% CEPU 2,405 ▲ 3.89% MIRGOR 17,375 ▲ 1.02% COME 45.90 ▲ 1.06% LOMA NEGRA 3,583 ▲ 2.43% BYMA 314.00 ▲ 1.37% TELECOM ARG 4,248 ▲ 3.09% ECOPETROL 15.59 ▲ 1.27% BANCOLOMBIA 82.95 ▲ 2.50% GRUPO AVAL 5.08 ▲ 1.20% CREDICORP 400.81 ▲ 2.27% SOUTHERN COPPER 175.83 ▲ 0.80% BUENAVENTURA 30.00 ▲ 1.52% MERCADOLIBRE 1,852 ▲ 2.46% NUBANK 13.76 ▲ 0.66% XP 16.92 ▲ 3.11% PAGSEGURO 9.25 ▲ 2.78% STONE 11.21 ▲ 2.28% GLOBANT 29.96 ▼ 4.25% TECNOGLASS 43.90 ▲ 1.76% GAP AIRPORT 235.64 ▲ 0.50% ASUR 285.12 ▲ 0.53% OMA AIRPORT 108.09 ▼ 0.22% AMX ADR 26.04 ▲ 0.77% FEMSA ADR 127.70 ▲ 0.55% CEMEX ADR 12.48 ▲ 0.89% PETROBRAS ADR 17.32 ▲ 1.70% VALE ADR 14.46 ▲ 1.69% ITAU ADR 8.62 ▲ 4.11% SANTANDER BR 5.39 ▲ 4.86% AMBEV ADR 3.07 ▲ 0.99% CSN 1.01 ▲ 5.79% GERDAU 4.50 ▲ 2.04% LATAM ADR 56.45 ▼ 1.03% BTC 62,763 ▼ 1.56% ETH 1,783 ▼ 1.25% SOL 76.24 ▼ 0.82% XRP 1.08 ▼ 0.85% BNB 568.50 ▼ 0.95% ADA 0.16 ▼ 1.33% DOGE 0.07 ▼ 0.54% AVAX 6.51 ▲ 1.69% LINK 7.94 ▼ 0.66% DOT 0.83 ▼ 1.21% LTC 43.65 ▼ 0.73% BCH 236.79 ▼ 1.32% TRX 0.33 ▼ 0.26% XLM 0.18 ▼ 1.49% HBAR 0.07 ▼ 0.17% NEAR 1.88 ▼ 0.72% ATOM 1.54 ▼ 1.28% AAVE 94.66 ▼ 2.48% SELIC 14.25% EMBRAER 84.60 ▲ 0.88% EMBRAER ADR 66.01 ▲ 0.72% JBS 11.91 ▲ 1.53% JBS BDR 60.78 ▲ 1.22% MBRF3 15.55 ▲ 0.91% MBRFY 2.97 ▼ 1.00% INTER 5.82 ▲ 1.93% EGX 52,256 ▲ 0.44% USD/ZAR16.37▲ 0.29% USD/NGN 1,376 — 0.00% NIKKEI 66,948 ▼ 2.35% CSI300 4,717 ▼ 1.34% HSI 24,149 ▼ 0.11% NIFTY 24,146 ▼ 0.25% KOSPI 6,881 ▼ 7.96% JCI 5,947 ▲ 0.37% USD/JPY161.96▲ 0.15% 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SILVER 58.60 ▼ 2.03% SOY 1,197 — 0.00% CORN 467.75 ▲ 6.79% WHEAT 644.50 ▲ 1.98% COFFEE 318.60 ▼ 10.74% SUGAR 14.86 ▼ 1.72% ORANGE JUICE 143.25 ▼ 4.44% COTTON 80.87 ▲ 6.18% COCOA 6,100 ▼ 3.31% BEEF 235.20 ▼ 0.02% CATTLE 354.60 ▼ 0.44% LITHIUM 72.32 ▼ 0.69% PETR4 39.65 ▲ 1.12% VALE3 74.18 ▲ 1.41% ITUB4 44.30 ▲ 4.02% BBDC4 18.86 ▲ 4.78% ABEV3 15.82 ▲ 0.64% BBAS3 20.58 ▲ 2.90% B3SA3 15.42 ▲ 4.26% WEGE3 46.51 ▲ 1.68% PRIO3 55.45 ▼ 0.29% SUZB3 41.55 ▲ 1.27% RENT3 41.10 ▲ 4.31% AZZA3 19.10 ▲ 3.47% CSAN3 4.07 ▲ 5.44% RAIZ4 0.35 ▼ 5.41% PCAR3 2.73 ▼ 1.09% GMAT3 3.97 ▲ 1.02% PSSA3 54.97 ▲ 3.04% CVCB3 1.25 — 0.00% POSI3 3.97 ▲ 3.12% SLCE3 14.02 ▲ 1.67% NATU3 8.68 ▲ 2.60% BRKM5 6.63 ▲ 4.25% RANI3 8.01 ▲ 1.91% CSNA3 5.18 ▲ 7.92% CMIN3 5.23 ▲ 8.28% USIM5 8.45 ▲ 1.20% GGBR4 23.01 ▲ 2.36% ENEV3 27.55 ▲ 5.15% CPFE3 47.87 ▲ 3.41% CMIG4 11.38 ▲ 2.71% EQTL3 40.91 ▲ 3.54% LREN3 14.62 ▲ 3.32% VIVT3 35.75 ▲ 3.62% RAIL3 14.36 ▲ 4.44% KLABIN 17.54 ▲ 0.80% RAIA DROGASIL 18.77 ▲ 3.53% RDOR3 36.02 ▲ 2.48% HAPV3 10.60 ▲ 5.26% FLRY3 16.42 ▲ 4.25% SMTO3 16.37 ▲ 1.99% UGPA3 30.71 ▲ 2.03% VBBR3 33.00 ▲ 2.80% BBSE3 40.35 ▲ 2.72% BPAC11 58.73 ▲ 5.48% CURY3 34.21 ▲ 4.62% AERI3 2.09 ▲ 1.46% VIVARA 23.53 ▲ 4.21% COMPASS 25.50 ▲ 3.32% VAMOS 3.06 ▲ 3.38% SANB11 27.62 ▲ 5.22% ASAI3 8.87 ▲ 4.85% SBSP3 31.11 ▲ 3.70% WALMEX 49.31 ▲ 0.59% GMEXICO 198.62 ▲ 1.68% FEMSA 223.20 ▲ 0.37% CEMEX 21.82 ▲ 0.51% GFNORTE 186.51 ▲ 0.63% BIMBO 56.06 ▲ 0.23% TELEVISA 9.74 ▲ 2.63% AMX 22.70 ▲ 0.27% GAP 412.01 ▼ 0.41% ASUR 285.12 ▲ 0.53% OMA 235.73 ▼ 0.95% KOF 182.08 ▲ 0.65% GRUMA 282.99 ▲ 0.14% KIMBER 38.13 ▼ 0.81% SQM-B 67,750 ▼ 1.95% COPEC 6,139 ▲ 1.98% BSANTANDER 79.00 ▲ 1.94% FALABELLA 5,905 ▲ 0.92% ENELAM 85.40 ▲ 1.47% CENCOSUD 2,045 ▼ 0.55% CMPC 1,109 ▲ 1.32% BANCO CHILE 188.88 ▲ 1.01% LATAM AIR 26.26 ▼ 0.53% YPF 74,450 ▼ 1.75% GGAL 8,350 ▲ 5.96% PAMPA 5,185 ▼ 0.38% TXAR 671.00 ▲ 0.98% ALUAR 978.00 ▲ 0.98% TGS 9,610 ▲ 3.22% CEPU 2,405 ▲ 3.89% MIRGOR 17,375 ▲ 1.02% COME 45.90 ▲ 1.06% LOMA NEGRA 3,583 ▲ 2.43% BYMA 314.00 ▲ 1.37% TELECOM ARG 4,248 ▲ 3.09% ECOPETROL 15.59 ▲ 1.27% BANCOLOMBIA 82.95 ▲ 2.50% GRUPO AVAL 5.08 ▲ 1.20% CREDICORP 400.81 ▲ 2.27% SOUTHERN COPPER 175.83 ▲ 0.80% BUENAVENTURA 30.00 ▲ 1.52% MERCADOLIBRE 1,852 ▲ 2.46% NUBANK 13.76 ▲ 0.66% XP 16.92 ▲ 3.11% PAGSEGURO 9.25 ▲ 2.78% STONE 11.21 ▲ 2.28% GLOBANT 29.96 ▼ 4.25% TECNOGLASS 43.90 ▲ 1.76% GAP AIRPORT 235.64 ▲ 0.50% ASUR 285.12 ▲ 0.53% OMA AIRPORT 108.09 ▼ 0.22% AMX ADR 26.04 ▲ 0.77% FEMSA ADR 127.70 ▲ 0.55% CEMEX ADR 12.48 ▲ 0.89% PETROBRAS ADR 17.32 ▲ 1.70% VALE ADR 14.46 ▲ 1.69% ITAU ADR 8.62 ▲ 4.11% SANTANDER BR 5.39 ▲ 4.86% AMBEV ADR 3.07 ▲ 0.99% CSN 1.01 ▲ 5.79% GERDAU 4.50 ▲ 2.04% LATAM ADR 56.45 ▼ 1.03% BTC 62,763 ▼ 1.56% ETH 1,783 ▼ 1.25% SOL 76.24 ▼ 0.82% XRP 1.08 ▼ 0.85% BNB 568.50 ▼ 0.95% ADA 0.16 ▼ 1.33% DOGE 0.07 ▼ 0.54% AVAX 6.51 ▲ 1.69% LINK 7.94 ▼ 0.66% DOT 0.83 ▼ 1.21% LTC 43.65 ▼ 0.73% BCH 236.79 ▼ 1.32% TRX 0.33 ▼ 0.26% XLM 0.18 ▼ 1.49% HBAR 0.07 ▼ 0.17% NEAR 1.88 ▼ 0.72% ATOM 1.54 ▼ 1.28% AAVE 94.66 ▼ 2.48% SELIC 14.25% EMBRAER 84.60 ▲ 0.88% EMBRAER ADR 66.01 ▲ 0.72% JBS 11.91 ▲ 1.53% JBS BDR 60.78 ▲ 1.22% MBRF3 15.55 ▲ 0.91% MBRFY 2.97 ▼ 1.00% INTER 5.82 ▲ 1.93% EGX 52,256 ▲ 0.44% USD/ZAR 16.38 ▲ 0.20% USD/NGN 1,376 — 0.00% NIKKEI 66,948 ▼ 2.35% CSI300 4,717 ▼ 1.34% HSI 24,149 ▼ 0.11% NIFTY 24,146 ▼ 0.25% KOSPI 6,881 ▼ 7.96% JCI 5,947 ▲ 0.37% USD/JPY 161.99 ▲ 0.20% USD/CNY 6.7832 ▲ 0.24% DAX 25,067 ▼ 0.20% CAC 8,339 ▲ 0.15% FTSE 10,497 ▲ 0.24% MIB 52,614 ▲ 0.44% IBEX 19,385 ▲ 0.32% STOXX 641.10 ▲ 0.04% EUR/USD 1.1408 ▼ 0.10% GBP/USD 1.3385 ▼ 0.10% SPX 7,575 ▲ 0.42% DJI 52,637 ▲ 0.29% NDX 29,825 ▲ 0.33% RUT 2,978 ▼ 0.49% TSX 35,305 ▲ 0.30% VIX 15.03 ▼ 5.11% USD/CAD 1.4153 ▲ 0.01% US10Y 4.5690 ▲ 0.66%
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Monday, July 13, 2026

New NASA director takes oath with science book instead of Bible

By · April 18, 2023 · 3 min read

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By Rhuan C. Soletti

Dr. Makenzie Lystrup was sworn in as director of the agency’s Goddard Space Flight Center last April 6 and broke tradition by taking the oath with scientist Carl Sagan’s book “Pale Blue Dot” instead of the Bible.

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NASA administrator Bill Nelson nominated her for the position.

In Article VI, the US Constitution requires that all state officials be “bound by oath”.

At an appointment ceremony, the new NASA lab director, Dr. Makenzie Lystrup, swears in a book by scientist Carl Sagan (Photo internet reproduction)
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However, the same article emphasizes that no religious oath can be required for the qualification of the official.

[…] “The senators and representatives aforesaid, the members of the several state legislatures, all officers and judicial officers of the United States, shall be bound to support this Constitution by Oath or Affirmation; but no religious oath shall be required as a qualification for any public office or trust of the United States.” (ARTICLE VI)

Dr. Lystrup justified her choice by saying, “Considering his personal importance to me and how his message resonates with the work we do at NASA Goddard […], it seemed appropriate to me to include him in the ceremony.”

Dr. Lystrup is the first female director general to receive the position, succeeding Dave Mitchell.

SAGAN AND THE BOOK

NASA/JPL-CALTECH

The book is named after the famous picture of the earth taken by NASA’s Voyager 1 satellite.

It chronicles the “exploration of space,” suggesting that “survival may depend on the wise use of other worlds.”

It is an analysis of practical and theoretical achievements of space travel.

It also deals with man’s view of himself and his place in space.

NASA/JPL

Author Carl Edward Sagan was an American astronomer, science communicator, biologist, planetary scientist, astrophysicist, writer, and activist.

He is revered as one of, if not the father of astronomy, and has made a formidable contribution to the real advancement of the field.

As much as atheists love to praise him as a “prophet” of scientistic religion, his account of his religious position was controversial and certainly a bit ironic:

Interview with Robert Pope of Windsor, Ontario. October 2, 1996:

“I am not an atheist. An atheist has convincing evidence that there is no Jewish-Christian-Islamic God.”

“I am not that wise, but I also do not consider that there is adequate evidence for a god.”

“Why are you in such a hurry to decide something like this?”

“Why not wait until more convincing evidence?” said Sagan.

Furthermore, he criticized the entirely skeptical stance of these people:

“If you are entirely skeptical, no new ideas will pass you by. You never learn anything,” stated Sagan in The Demon-Haunted World.

CONCLUSION

Decisions like Lystrup’s are nothing new. Many US government officials have done the same kind of eccentricity, such as:

  • In 2018, Mariah Parker took the oath as Athens-Clarke County Commissioner with her hand on a copy of the book “The Autobiography of Malcolm X.”
  • Former US Ambassador to Sweden, Suzi LeVine, took her oath with her hand on her Kindle in 2014.
  • Neil Armstrong refused to swear with the Bible that the moon visit was actual.

Several people, such as Joseph Backholm, a Biblical Worldview, and Strategic Engagement member, criticized Lystrup’s feat.

“The reason we take our oath with the Bible is to affirm our fear of God and to recognize that we are responsible for what we do,” Backholm said.

“Not only did she deny any fear of God and any sense of responsibility to an authority greater than herself, but she also affirmed her faith in naturalism, which is not exactly a faith, but a belief in nothingness.”

“It is troubling when you are led by people who publicly declare they have no fear of God at all. Even pretending is better than publicly declaring it,” Backholm concluded.

“Well, at least you haven’t celebrated the oath with the Bible because you know it means something.”

“That way, you can swear on something without consequences because it has no meaning.”

It is worth noting that the oath was taken at NASA headquarters called Mary W. Jackson in Washington-DC, a block away from a huge Museum of the Bible.

With information from Brasil Sem Medo

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