In 2022, the U.S.-Mexico border saw 686 deaths or disappearances, says a report by the International Organization for Migration (IOM).
This count makes up nearly half of the 1,457 similar incidents across the Americas. Since 2014, when IOM started tracking, last year was the deadliest.
The report detailed 668 deaths on this border alone. It showed 100 women, 454 men, 31 minors, and 83 unknowns.
Although deaths dropped by 8% compared to 2021, the real number could be higher. Missing data exists from certain Texas counties and Mexican agencies.
Drowning caused 212 deaths. Vehicle accidents claimed 71 lives. Lack of shelter, food, and water led to 156 deaths.
Half of these fatalities occurred in the deserts of Sonora and Chihuahua.
Mexico, Guatemala, and Cuba had the highest death counts in North America. Caribbean routes also became more deadly.
The report logged 350 deaths there in 2022, up from 245 the previous year.
The Darién Gap, a route between Panama and Colombia, saw 141 migrant deaths. This marks an increase from 51 in 2021 and 26 in 2020.
Panama’s government plans to tighten controls there.
IOM’s report warns that real numbers are likely higher. It cites unreported deaths in places like Darién National Park.
Urgent action from states is needed, the organization emphasizes.
Background
The U.S.-Mexico border has long been a hotspot for migration. Many seek better lives, escaping poverty or violence.
This influx led to increased border security over the years. The previous peak in migrant deaths was in 2019, before slightly declining.
However, the rise in 2022 shows the existing measures are not enough.
The Caribbean has emerged as another high-risk area. Many migrants from the Dominican Republic, Haiti, and Cuba attempt to reach the U.S. through these waters.
Both regions highlight the need for comprehensive safety measures to protect vulnerable migrants.